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目的:观察南苜蓿总皂苷(TSMP)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠血糖、血脂、氧化应激的影响。方法:采用高糖高脂饲料喂养4周加小剂量的链脲佐菌素(30 mg·kg-1)的方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,将50只模型大鼠随机分为模型组,二甲双胍组(0.2 g·kg-1),南苜蓿总皂苷高剂量组(2.8 g·kg-1)、中剂量组(1.4 g·kg-1)、低剂量组(0.7 g·kg-1),连续灌胃4周,末次给药后测定空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TCH)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD),免疫组化法观察胰岛素和胰高血糖素的表达。结果:与模型组比较,南苜蓿总皂苷2.8,1.4 g·kg-1能显著降低实验性2型糖尿病大鼠给药后7,8周的FBG水平(P<0.01或P<0.05);降低TCH、TG、LDL-C的水平(P<0.01或P<0.05),升高HDL-C的水平含量(P<0.05);降低FINS和HbA1c水平(P<0.01或P<0.05);降低MDA含量(P<0.01);升高SOD含量(P<0.01);增加胰岛素阳性表达,减少胰高血糖素阳性表达。结论:南苜蓿总皂苷对2型糖尿病模型大鼠具有降低血糖,调节血脂,抗氧化,保护胰腺功能的作用。
Objective: To observe the effects of alfalfa saponin (TSMP) on blood glucose, blood lipid and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: A rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by feeding high-sucrose and high-fat diet for 4 weeks with a small dose of streptozotocin (30 mg · kg-1). Fifty rats were randomly divided into model group, (0.2 g · kg -1), high dose of total saponins of S. alfredii (2.8 g · kg -1), middle dose (1.4 g · kg -1), low dose (0.7 g · kg -1) The rats in each group were given gavage for 4 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TCH), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL- FINS, HbA1c, MDA and SOD were detected by immunohistochemical method. The expressions of insulin and glucagon were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the model group, total saponins from S. alfredii 2.8 and 1.4 g · kg-1 significantly decreased FBG levels at 7 and 8 weeks (P <0.01 or P <0.05) in experimental type 2 diabetic rats and decreased (P <0.01 or P <0.05), increase the level of HDL-C (P <0.05), decrease the levels of FINS and HbA1c (P <0.01 or P <0.05) (P <0.01), increase the content of SOD (P <0.01), increase the positive expression of insulin and decrease the positive expression of glucagon. Conclusion: Saponins of southern alfalfa can reduce blood sugar, regulate blood lipid, anti-oxidation and protect pancreas function in type 2 diabetic rats.