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研究不同形态氮素处理对桔梗生长和桔梗皂苷D含量的影响,为桔梗氮肥合理施用提供借鉴。采用盆栽方式,对桔梗进行不同氮素形态配比处理,测定桔梗生长相关指标,包括生物量、光合参数及NR,GS活性,硝态氮,铵态氮含量和SOD,POD,CAT活性,桔梗皂苷D含量。结果表明:NH4+-N/NO3--N为0∶100处理,桔梗叶片NR活性、硝态氮含量、净光合速率及生物量达到最大值。叶片中GS活性在NH4+-N/NO3--N为25∶75处理最大,铵态氮含量在NH4+-N/NO3--N为75∶25处理为最大值。随着NO3--N比例的增加,SOD活性先降后升,CAT活性先升后降,MDA含量先降后升,且CAT与MDA呈完全相反变化趋势,均在NH4+-N/NO3--N为25∶75处理分别达到最大值与最小值。桔梗皂苷D含量也随NO3--N比例增加而呈先升后降的趋势,在NH4+-N/NO3--N为25∶75处理达到最大值,较酰胺态氮处理升高了25.81%。不同氮素形态及配比对桔梗光和特性、氮素代谢和抗逆调节指标、产量及质量影响显著。NH4+-N/NO3--N为25∶75处理较适宜桔梗生长及桔梗皂苷D含量的累积。
The effects of different nitrogen treatments on the growth of platycodonis and the content of saponin D in platycodon were studied to provide reference for the rational application of platycodon. The pot experiment was conducted to study the relative growth of Campanulaceae, including biomass, photosynthetic parameters, NR and GS activities, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and activities of SOD, POD and CAT, Saponin D content. The results showed that the NR activity, nitrate nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate and biomass reached the maximum in NH4 + -N / NO3 - N treatment of 0: 100. The activity of GS in leaf was the highest at 25:75 NH4 + -N / NO3 - N and the maximum NH4 + -N / NO3 - N was 75:25. With the increase of NO3 - N ratio, the activity of SOD decreased first and then increased, the activity of CAT increased first and then decreased, the content of MDA decreased first and then increased, and the CAT and MDA showed the completely opposite trend, all in NH4 + -N / NO3-- N is 25:75, respectively, to reach the maximum and minimum values. The content of platycodin S also increased first and then decreased with the increase of NO3 - N ratio, reaching the maximum at 25:75 NH4 + -N / NO3 - N treatment, which was 25.81% higher than that of the amide nitrogen treatment. Different nitrogen forms and proportions had significant effects on the light and trait, nitrogen metabolism and anti-retrogradation regulation, yield and quality of Campanulaceae. NH4 + -N / NO3 - N 25:75 treatment is more suitable Campanulaceae growth and platycodin D accumulation.