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目的探讨煤矿透水事故现场应急卫生防病措施。方法采用现场流行病学、卫生学调查与实验室检测相结合方法,对某煤矿透水事故现场2000多名救援人员及环境实施卫生防病应急措施及评价。结果事发第3d,在某集中供餐点进餐的救援人员出现11人腹痛、腹泻;事发第6d,给矿区供水水厂启用二氧化氯发生器消毒时清水池观赏鱼死亡,检测氯酸盐清水池水4.37mg/L,末梢水1.38mg/L,分别超标6倍、2倍。用漂白粉按500mg/L对出井人员消毒喷洒数天每天出现11～14例皮炎患者,加强药物配制指导,强调用肥皂水清洗等措施后缓解。搜救期间没有发生传染病疫情。结论加强食品安全监管,开展饮水、废水卫生监测及预防性环境消毒杀虫,分类开展人员培训,是保障矿难事故现场人员、环境卫生安全的有力措施。
Objective To investigate the emergency sanitation and prevention measures of coal mine flooding accidents. Methods A combination of on-site epidemiology, hygiene investigation and laboratory testing was used to carry out emergency measures and evaluation of health and disease prevention for more than 2000 rescue workers and their environments in the flooding accident site of a coal mine. Results The first three days of the incident, in a concentrated meal for the rescue workers 11 people abdominal pain, diarrhea; incident 6d, to the mine water supply water disinfection chlorine dioxide generator activated aquarium fish death, detection of chlorate Water pool water 4.37mg / L, peripheral water 1.38mg / L, respectively, 6 times exceed, 2 times. Bleaching powder by 500mg / L on the well staff disinfection spray daily appear 11 to 14 cases of dermatitis patients, to strengthen the guidance of drug formulation, emphasizing the use of soapy water and other measures to ease. There was no epidemic of infectious diseases during the search and rescue period. Conclusion Strengthening food safety regulation, carrying out drinking water, sanitation monitoring of waste water and preventing and disinfecting pests by preventive environment and carrying out personnel training in different categories are powerful measures to ensure the safety of personnel and sanitation on the scene of a mine accident.