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诏狱是宋代的一种特殊的司法活动,其主要目的在于审判一些重大案件。对诏狱的审判有一套与普通案件有别的法定程序。“乌台诗案”是北宋历史上一次著名的诏狱。通过对“乌台诗案”的梳理,宋代的诏狱有如下司法程序:立案、逮捕、审讯、录问、判决、奏请圣裁、执行。但在皇权专制体制下,在党争激烈的宋朝,诏狱往往沦为派系倾轧的工具,或皇帝、权臣清除不同政见者的工具,而诏狱的所谓“法定”程序也就成为了一种极其有效的合法的政治迫害形式。
Chao-ji is a special judicial activity in the Song Dynasty, whose main purpose is to try some major cases. There are a number of statutory procedures that differ from the ordinary case in the trial of the court. “Wutai poem ” is a well-known Zhao prison in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty. Through the combing of “Wutai poem”, the court in Song Dynasty has the following judicial procedures: filing, arresting, interrogating, asking, judging, requesting sanctions and enforcing. However, under the authoritarian regime of imperial power, in the fierce political struggle in the Song dynasty, the prison of hell was often reduced to a tool of factionalism or the emperors and elite officials were able to clear the tools of dissidents. The so-called “statutory” procedure of the imperial court became a An extremely effective legal form of political persecution.