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设施蔬菜地大量施用化肥及不合理轮作易引起土壤盐分累积、酸化和土传病害的发生,导致土壤退化.快速且有效地改良退化土壤,可以提高蔬菜产量和菜农的经济收入.在蔬菜生长发生障碍的设施土壤中,分别加入0、3.75、7.50和11.3 t·hm-2的风干紫花苜蓿,淹水条件下密封大棚创造强还原环境31 d,测定土壤理化性质的变化,并记录黄瓜产量.结果表明:强还原处理使土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)迅速下降至0 mV以下,能有效地消除土壤积累的硝态氮,显著提高土壤pH,降低土壤电导率,其变化幅度随紫花苜蓿添加量的增加而增大.经强还原方法处理后,设施蔬菜地黄瓜产量达到53.3~57.9 t·hm-2,显著高于上一季未处理黄瓜产量(10.8 t·hm-2).淹水添加有机物料创造的强还原条件,可以短期内有效地改良退化设施蔬菜地土壤.
Large-scale application of fertilizers and irrational crop rotation in vegetable facilities may cause soil salinization, acidification and soil-borne diseases, resulting in soil degradation. The rapid and effective improvement of degraded soils can increase vegetable yield and vegetable farmers’ economic income. In addition, 0,3.75, 7.50 and 11.3 t · hm-2 of alfalfa were added into the soil of the affected facilities to seal the greenhouses under the condition of waterlogged for 31 days. The change of soil physical and chemical properties was measured and the yield of cucumber was recorded. The results showed that the soil redox potential (Eh) rapidly decreased below 0 mV by strong reduction treatment, which could effectively eliminate the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen, significantly increase the soil pH and decrease the soil conductivity. The change range of the soil redox potential increased with the increase of alfalfa dosage The yield of cucumber in vegetable field reached 53.3 ~ 57.9 t · hm-2, which was significantly higher than that of the untreated cucumber in the previous season (10.8 t · hm-2) Material creation of strong reduction conditions, can effectively improve the short-term degradation facilities vegetable soil.