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目的了解景宁畲族自治县接受免疫规划五种疫苗接种的2~5岁畲、汉族健康儿童的免疫效果,为优化预防接种策略提供依据。方法 2014年9—10月从景宁畲族自治县完整接种五种疫苗的4 490名儿童中,按照1∶10的比例随机抽取449名儿童,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体和甲型肝炎病毒、麻疹病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、风疹病毒Ig G抗体。结果畲、汉族儿童的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体和甲型肝炎病毒、麻疹病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、风疹病毒Ig G抗体阳性率分别为81.92%、71.89%、99.78%、99.11%和98.66%。不同性别、民族、年龄儿童抗体阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同免疫与调查间隔时间抗体阳性率比较,发现仅甲型肝炎病毒Ig G抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论景宁畲族自治县2~5岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体和甲型肝炎病毒Ig G抗体阳性率稍低,需加强这两种疫苗接种效果的常规监测。
Objective To understand the immunization effect of Shenshan and Han healthy children aged from 2 to 5 who received five immunizations from Jingning Shezu Autonomous County in order to optimize the vaccination strategy. METHODS: From September to October 2014, 4490 children were randomly selected from 4 490 children who were vaccinated with five vaccines in Jingning She Nationality Autonomous County randomly. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum hepatitis B Virus surface antibodies and hepatitis A virus, measles virus, mumps virus, rubella virus Ig G antibody. Results The positive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antibody and hepatitis A virus, measles virus, mumps virus and rubella virus Ig G antibody in She and Han children were 81.92%, 71.89%, 99.78%, 99.11% and 98.66% respectively. . There was no significant difference in the positive rate of antibody among children of different sexes, nationalities and ages (P> 0.05). The positive rate of antibody of Ig G antibody between different immunizations and investigation interval was found to be statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antibody and hepatitis A virus Ig G antibody in children aged 2 ~ 5 years in Jingning She Autonomous County is slightly lower. It is necessary to strengthen the routine monitoring of the efficacy of both vaccines.