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为开展鸟击预防工作,及减少鸟击事故的发生,2012年5月至2013年4月,采用样带法和固定半径样点法对巴彦淖尔民航机场及机场周边8km范围内的鸟类进行了系统调查和研究.依据飞行高度、相对数量、相对时间、生境利用率、相对重量组成的综合风险值对鸟类危险等级进行分类.根据不同调查区、不同生境的鸟类群落的分布及环境因子提出了防范对策.记录到的95种鸟类隶属于15目35科,其中繁殖鸟为65种,严重危险鸟类8种,很危险鸟类15种,较危险鸟类17种,一般危险鸟类25种;A区冬季多样性指数最高,B区秋季密度指数较高,C区多样性指数与均匀度指数在全年调查中波动最小,湿地的多样性指数最高、优势度最低,居民区的密度最高,机场草地和居民区生境鸟类构成相似性指数最高;以飞行区内外环境的改造为主,采用既不伤害鸟类、又能让其主动远离机场的人性化驱鸟措施,结合驱鸟技术和设备的使用是达到理想的净空环境的必要条件.
In order to carry out bird strike prevention work and reduce the occurrence of bird strike accidents, from May 2012 to April 2013, samples of birds within 8 km from Bayannur Civil Airport and the airport were sampled using transect method and fixed radius sampling method According to the comprehensive risk values of flight altitude, relative quantity, relative time, habitat utilization and relative weight, the author classifies the dangerous levels of birds.Based on the distribution of bird communities in different habitats and habitats in different survey areas, Environmental factors put forward countermeasures 95 kinds of recorded birds belonging to 15 orders and 35 families, of which 65 were breeding birds, 8 kinds of critically endangered birds, 15 very dangerous birds, 17 more dangerous birds, 25 species of dangerous birds; A district in winter the highest index of diversity, B area autumn higher density index, C area diversity index and evenness index in the annual survey of the smallest fluctuations in wetland diversity index highest, lowest dominance, The density of residential areas is the highest, and the similarity index of the airport grassland and residential habitat birds is the highest. Taking the reconstruction of the inside and outside of the flight area as the main factor, the humane bird driving measures that neither hurt the birds nor make them take the initiative away from the airport , Combined bird technology and equipment use is a necessary condition to achieve the desired clearance environment.