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【目的】探讨北京市中小学生吸烟及被动吸烟行为的流行水平,为开展北京市中小学生控烟干预工作提供依据。【方法】采用方便抽样的方法对东城区、朝阳区和怀柔区三个区12所中小学校1 200名学生进行问卷调查,应用自填式问卷对其被动吸烟的暴露情况进行调查。【结果】中小学生吸烟率为4.2%(男生7.9%,女生0.7%)。影响中小学生吸烟的因素主要有:同伴、家庭、学校和个人认知的影响。90%以上的学生知晓不论是主动吸烟还是被动吸烟都会有害健康,54.2%的学生还存有“吸烟会减轻体重”的错误认识。在调查前7日内,有54.1%的中小学生曾经暴露在被动吸烟的环境下。【结论】北京市中小学生吸烟与被动吸烟的形势严峻,家庭和学校还应承担更大的责任,避免学生过早地吸食烟草制品以及长期暴露于被动吸烟的环境之下。
【Objective】 To explore prevalence of smoking and passive smoking among primary and secondary school students in Beijing, and to provide basis for tobacco control intervention among primary and secondary school students in Beijing. 【Method】 A total of 1,200 primary and secondary school students from 12 primary and secondary schools in Dongcheng District, Chaoyang District and Huairou District were surveyed using a convenient sampling method. The self-contained questionnaires were used to investigate the passive smoking exposure. 【Results】 The prevalence of smoking among primary and secondary school students was 4.2% (7.9% for boys and 0.7% for girls). The main factors affecting primary and secondary school smoking are: peer, family, school and individual cognition. More than 90% of the students knew that both active smoking and passive smoking would be harmful to their health. 54.2% of the students also had the misconception that smoking would reduce weight. Within the first 7 days of the survey, 54.1% of primary and secondary school students were exposed to passive smoking. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of smoking and passive smoking among primary and secondary school students in Beijing is severe. Families and schools should also take greater responsibility to prevent students from prematurely consuming tobacco products and long-term exposure to passive smoking.