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背景:椎基底动脉供血不足是缺血性脑血管病发病的重要原因,在其众多的发病机制中,颈椎因素是不容忽视的,因此对其椎动脉沟及横突孔角度的测量有利于阐明其发病机制。目的:探讨寰椎因素致椎基底动脉供血不足的发病机制及为手术切开横突孔减压提供解剖学依据。设计:单一样本研究。单位:郧阳医学院解剖学教研室。对象:实验于2002-06/2003-06在郧阳医学院解剖学教研室完成。标本为郧阳医学院解剖学教研室收集的中国成年人干燥寰椎标本50例。方法:在50例中国成年人干燥寰椎标本上,对具有临床意义的数据进行解剖学测量。主要观察指标:①寰椎的角度测量结果。②寰椎横突孔前、后壁厚度测量。结果:寰椎横突孔与椎动脉沟的成角左侧为(67.875±5.394)°,右侧为(69.844±4.546)°;椎动脉沟绕寰椎侧块成角:左侧为(62.456±4.662)°,右侧为(63.612±2.310)°。寰椎横突孔前壁厚度:左侧为(2.959±0.541)mm,右侧为(3.206±0.402)mm;横突孔后壁厚度:左侧为(2.280±0.567)mm,右侧为(2.019±0.257)mm。以上数据左、右侧比较差异无显著性意义。结论:椎动脉行经在寰椎横突孔与椎动脉沟内时,骨性结构上有明显的两个成角,即横突孔与椎动脉沟的成角和椎动脉沟绕过侧块的成角,椎动脉的这两个成角增加了血液循环的阻力,同时在头颈
Background: Insufficient vertebrobasilar insufficiency is an important cause of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In many of its pathogenesis, cervical vertebral factors can not be ignored. Therefore, the measurement of the angle of vertebral artery sulcus and transverse process is helpful to clarify Its pathogenesis. Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis of vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by atlas and to provide anatomical basis for surgical decompression of transverse foramen. Design: Single Sample Study. Unit: Department of Anatomy, Yunyang Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was performed in Department of Anatomy, Yunyang Medical College from June 2002 to June 2003. Specimens for the Department of Anatomy, Yunyang Medical College collected 50 cases of adult Chinese adult atlantoaxial atresia. Methods: Anatomical measurements of clinically significant data were performed on 50 Chinese adults with atlas of atlas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① atlas angle measurement results. ② atlantoaxial transverse hole before and after the wall thickness measurement. Results: The mean angle between the transverse foramen of atlas and the vertebral artery was (67.875 ± 5.394) ° on the right and (69.844 ± 4.546) ° on the right. The vertebral artery was angled around the lateral mass of the atlas: the left was (62.456) ± 4.662 ° °, and the right side is (63.612 ± 2.310 ° °. The thickness of anterior wall of transverse atlanto-hole was (2.959 ± 0.541) mm on the left and (3.206 ± 0.402) mm on the right. The thickness of posterior wall of the transverse process was (2.280 ± 0.567) mm on the left and 2.019 ± 0.257) mm. The above data left and right no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: When the vertebral artery travels through the transverse process of the atlas and the vertebral artery, the skeletal structure has two distinct angles, that is, the angle between the transverse process and the vertebral artery groove and the circumferences of the vertebral artery around the lateral mass Angulation, vertebral artery of these two angulations increased resistance to blood circulation, while in the head and neck