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目的通过分析2009-2013年蔚县手足口病的流行病学特征,为今后调整手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法用Excel 2003建立数据库,对手足口病疫情资料进行数据录入,应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果蔚县手足口病流行广泛,集中于1~5岁;散居儿童占66.63%,托幼儿童占26.24%;病例集中于4~7月份,占全年病例的94.00%。流行毒株变迁呈现多样性,EV 71毒株5年间一直未减,但每年的优势株不同,2013年以Cox A6病毒感染为主,并于3~5月份部分儿童出现脱甲症,本地尚属首次出现,脱甲者未留后遗症,危害程度不大。结论蔚县手足口病呈现高度散发状态,局部有聚集病例发生,为有效控制疫情,应落实学校晨、午检制度,避免托幼机构聚集性病例的发生;医疗机构落实预检分诊制度,避免医源性交叉感染。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yuxian county from 2009 to 2013 so as to provide a scientific basis for the future prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The database was established with Excel 2003, and the epidemiological data of hand, foot and mouth disease were input. The epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results The prevalence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Yuxian ranged from 1 to 5 years old, with scattered children accounting for 66.63% and child care children accounting for 26.24%. The cases were concentrated in April and July, accounting for 94.00% of the total cases. The prevalence of epidemic strains showed diversity. The EV 71 strain has not been reduced in 5 years. However, the predominant strains vary from year to year. In 2013, Cox A6 virus infection was the main cause. In March and May, some children had demethylation, Is the first time, dementia did not leave sequelae, little harm. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Yuxian County is highly exuded and some cases of aggregation occur. In order to effectively control the epidemic, morning and afternoon examination should be implemented to avoid the clustering of cases in nurseries. The medical institutions should implement the pre-screening and triage system, Avoid iatrogenic cross-infection.