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目的了解结核病患者结核病防治相关知识水平,为今后更有效地开展结核病防治健康教育工作提供方向和重点。方法采用5阶段分层系统随机抽样方法,在全国抽取19个省60个县/区共144名自述结核病患者。使用统一设计的调查问卷对调查对象进行入户面对面询问式调查。结果患者结核病防治知识核心信息总知晓率为73.4%。66.7%患者知道肺结核病的主要症状为咳嗽咳痰,95.1%患者知晓肺结核病是传染病,82.6%患者认为肺结核能够治愈,84.7%患者知道国家有免费检查和治疗政策。结论应结合检查治疗督导,充分利用媒体和人际传播手段,加强对结核病患者的健康教育。
Objective To understand the level of knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment among tuberculosis patients and provide direction and focus for more effective prevention and control of tuberculosis health education. Methods A 5-stage stratified random sampling method was used to collect 144 self-reported tuberculosis patients from 60 counties/districts in 19 provinces across the country. Using a uniform design questionnaire, face-to-face interview surveys were conducted on the survey participants. Results The total awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control was 73.4%. 66.7% of patients knew that the main symptoms of tuberculosis were cough and sputum, 95.1% of patients knew that tuberculosis was an infectious disease, 82.6% of patients thought tuberculosis could be cured, and 84.7% of patients knew that the country had free inspection and treatment policies. Conclusion It is necessary to combine the inspection of treatment supervision, make full use of media and means of interpersonal communication, and strengthen the health education of tuberculosis patients.