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目的为了掌握疟疾疫情和按蚊密度动态以及影响疟疾流行的相关因素,为今后库区疟疾防治提供基础数据和依据。方法收集、整理三峡库区与疟疾流行的相关资料、建国后疟疾流行概况、媒介种群及分布等资料。1999年建立三峡库区疟疾监测点,监测疟疾疫情和按蚊种群、密度变化动态。结果收集、整理了三峡库区的基线资料。三峡库区历史上曾有间日疟和恶性疟流行,20世纪60年代后无恶性疟发生,建国初期疟疾大流行,70年末控制流行。传疟媒介主要为中华按蚊。监测结果显示,疟疾疫情稳定,年发病控制在1/万以下;发热病人血检和儿童IFAT检测结果均为阴性;传疟媒介5～10月叮人率在1～9.6只/人·夜之间,牛房密度在6～360只/人工小时之间。结论目前,疟疾年发病率控制在1/万以下,但是,传染源存在,媒介广泛分布,水库建成蓄水后,流速减缓、水面增宽、消落带积水均为按蚊孳生提供了有利条件,开展监测是必要的。
Objective To understand the dynamics of malaria epidemic and Anopheles density and the related factors that affect the malaria epidemic so as to provide the basic data and basis for future malaria control in the reservoir area. Methods Collecting, sorting out the relevant materials of the Three Gorges reservoir area and malaria epidemic, the epidemic situation of malaria after establishment, media population and distribution information. In 1999, Malaria monitoring sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were established to monitor the dynamics of malaria epidemic and anopheline population and density changes. The results collected, compiled the baseline data of the Three Gorges reservoir area. In the history of the Three Gorges Reservoir, there was a history of vivax malaria and falciparum malaria. After the 1960s, no falciparum malaria occurred. In the early days after the founding of the PRC, the malaria pandemic was prevalent and the control was prevailing at the end of 1970. The malaria vector is mainly Anopheles sinensis. The monitoring results showed that the epidemic situation of malaria was stable and the annual incidence was controlled below 1 in 10,000; the results of blood tests and IFAT in febrile patients were negative; the malaria transmission rate was between 1 and 9.6 / person / night in 5 to 10 months Between, cow density in 6 ~ 360 / artificial hours. Conclusions At present, the annual incidence of malaria is controlled below 1 / 10,000. However, the sources of infection exist and the media are widely distributed. After the reservoir is constructed, the flow rate is slowed down, the water surface is widened and the water level in the ebb zones is favorable for breeding anopheles. Conditions, to carry out monitoring is necessary.