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本文按国际标准研究和建立了药物致突变系列。这一系列包括体外的CHL法、Ames法和体内的小鼠骨髓细胞微核法。通过致突变系列研究了13种中西药品的遗传毒性和潜在致癌性。发现三尖杉酯碱能诱发明显的染色单体畸变和骨髓微核率的增加,是一种不需要肝微粒体酶介导的有遗传毒性和潜在致癌性的药物。还发现激素类药物已烷雌酚具有和己烯雌酚相似的诱发多倍体细胞增加的遗传毒作用。此外,抗肿瘤药物MMC、Dau、Arc-C、B-518、Thio-TEPA和阳性对照剂均有明显的遗传毒性和潜在致癌性。而CT、NCT、78012、MTA、6-H、Q-W未发现有类似毒性作用。本文研究表明CHL法和小鼠骨髓微核法是十分有用的手段,Ames法似有一定的局限性。药物致突变测试系列具有简单、敏感、准确、特异等优点,值得推广。
In this paper, according to international standards to study and establish a series of drug-induced mutations. This series includes in vitro CHL assays, Ames assays and in vivo mouse bone marrow micronuclei. The genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity of 13 Chinese and western medicines were studied by mutagenicity series. Found that harringtonine can induce significant chromatid aberrations and increased micronuclei in the bone marrow, a drug that does not require liver microsomal enzyme mediated genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. It has also been found that the steroid, diethylstilbestrol, has a genotoxic effect that induces an increase in polyploid cells similar to that of diethylstilbestrol. In addition, the anti-cancer drugs MMC, Dau, Arc-C, B-518, Thio-TEPA and positive control agents have obvious genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. CT, NCT, 78012, MTA, 6-H, Q-W did not find similar toxic effects. This study shows that CHL method and mouse bone marrow micronucleus method is a very useful means, Ames method seems to have some limitations. Mutagenicity test series of drugs with a simple, sensitive, accurate, specific, etc., is worth promoting.