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很多初中物理课本或习题集中都有这样一道习题:“有一种估测平面镜玻璃厚度的方法是:用刻度尺跟镜面垂直接触,沿垂直方向测得刻度尺和它的像之间的距离为6mm,便可得出玻璃的厚度大约是3mm的结论.这样做的根据是什么?”参考答案提示:根据平面镜成像的规律.然而,当我们用平面镜实测,验证上述方法时,却发现观测结果与所述结论存在着较大的偏差.并且,随着观测者视线相对于界面法线夹角的逐渐增大,测量结果会趋于减小,而与真实值之间的差异则越来越大.这是什么原因呢?
Many junior high school physics textbooks or problem sets have such an exercise: “There is a way to estimate the thickness of the glass of the plane mirror: the vertical distance between the scale and its image is measured with the scale in vertical contact with the mirror, and the distance between the scale and its image is 6mm. , we can conclude that the thickness of the glass is about 3mm. What is the basis for doing this?” Reference Answer Tip: According to the law of plane mirror imaging. However, when we use the plane mirror to measure, verify the above method, but found that the observation results The conclusions are subject to large deviations. Also, as the viewer’s line of sight gradually increases with respect to the normal to the interface, the measurement tends to decrease, and the difference between the measured value and the actual value increases. What is the reason for this?