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建立现代企业制度,是我国国有企业改革的方向。回顾几年来的改革历程,我们曾实行过多种形式的利润留成和盈亏包干,其后发展为扩大企业经营自主权,走过两步利改税的道路;提出两权分离,推行过企业承包经营责任制;颁布了一系列扩大企业自主权的政策,特别是《全民所有制工业企业法》的颁布,确立了企业作为商品生产者和经营者的法律地位,用法律的形式赋予企业相当的经营权利。《全民所有制工业企业转换经营机制条例》的实施,进一步促进了企业经营自主权的落实,推动了其他方面的配套改革,为建立社会主义市场经济体制奠定了一块基石。国有企业的整体面貌较之十几年前发生了巨大而深刻的变化,这一点,举世公认,毋庸置疑。然而,我们也应看到,与之同行的乡镇企业、私营企业及三资企业,他们生产经营的效益高,发展快,经济比重上升,后劲足。而国有企业,尤其是国有企业中的老企业,长期得不到更新改造,有的巳趋于“空壳”,致使国有企业三分之一明亏,三分之一潜亏,真正盈利的企业只占三分之
The establishment of a modern enterprise system is the direction of the reform of state-owned enterprises in China. Looking back at the course of reforms over the past few years, we have practiced various forms of profit retention and profit and loss and lump sum. Later, we have developed to expand the autonomy of enterprises and have gone through a two-step process of changing profits and taxes. We proposed the separation of two rights and implemented corporate contracting. Operational responsibility system; has promulgated a series of policies to expand the autonomy of enterprises, in particular the enactment of the “Law on All-Ownership Industrial Enterprises”, establishing the legal status of the enterprise as a producer and operator of commodities, and granting the enterprise a reasonable operation in the form of law. right. The implementation of the “Regulations on Changing the Operating Mechanism of Ownership-Owned Industrial Enterprises” has further promoted the implementation of the autonomy of enterprises and promoted supporting reforms in other areas, laying a foundation for the establishment of a socialist market economic system. The overall appearance of state-owned enterprises has undergone tremendous and profound changes compared with more than ten years ago. This is universally acknowledged and no doubt. However, we should also see that the township and township enterprises, private enterprises, and foreign-funded enterprises that are accompanying them have high efficiency in production and operation, rapid development, rising economic proportion, and sufficient stamina. The state-owned enterprises, especially the old ones of state-owned enterprises, have not been renewed and reformed for a long time, and some tend to be “empty shells,” leaving one-third of the state-owned enterprises to lose out, one-third of their potential losses, and truly profitable companies. Only three points