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战后,发达资本主义国家经济虽然比战前有了较快的增长,但在不平衡发展规律的作用下,各国之间的经济发展却更加不平衡,更加带有跳跃陛了。战后初期经济相对落后的西欧和日本在激烈的国际竞争中逐步缩小了它们同美国的差距,以致形成了目前美国、日本、西欧三个力量中心鼎足的格局。尤其是迅速崛起的日本在国际贸易、投资和金融领域同美国展开了日益激烈的竞争,向美国的经济霸权地位提出了严峻挑战。在70至80年代的三极竞争中,美国的对外贸易逆差连年剧增,作为世界头号贸易大国的地位已岌岌可危;对外直接投资占资本主
After the war, the developed capitalist countries enjoyed rapid economic growth over the pre-war period. However, under the unbalanced development law, the economic development among various countries was even more imbalanced and even more jumpy. In the fierce international competition, Western Europe and Japan, in which the initial post-war economy was relatively backward, gradually narrowed their gap with the United States, resulting in the current pattern of the three power centers in the United States, Japan and Western Europe. In particular, Japan, which is rapidly emerging, has been increasingly fiercely contending with the United States in the fields of international trade, investment and finance and posed a severe challenge to the economic hegemony of the United States. In the tri-polar competition of the 1970s and 1980s, the U.S. foreign trade deficit soared in recent years and its status as the world’s number one trading power was at an end. Foreign direct investment (FDI)