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自80年代末,在首都圈陆续建立了一批精密地温观测点(温度计的分辩率为0.0001℃),开展了地温前兆观测,积累了丰富的实测资料和一些典型震例.本文分析了首都圈地温观测的正常动态及影响因素.通过对典型震例的分析,研究了地温的地震前兆异常特征.地温前兆异常形态为阶变型、上升型和脉冲型;它的异常开始至发震时刻最短为28h,最长达1个月左右,皆属短临异常.它的异常幅度为正常日变幅度的几倍至十几倍,但温度的变化量不大,地震前异常累计值最大仅为0.12℃,可谓震前地温的微动态异常.综上所述,精密地温观测记录到了明显的地震短临前兆异常,它是一种比较有效的短临预报手段.
Since the late 1980s, a group of precise geothermal observation points (the resolution of the thermometer was 0.0001 ℃) have been successively set up in the metropolitan area to carry out the observation of the geothermal precursors and accumulate a wealth of measured data and some typical seismic events.This paper analyzes the metropolitan area The normal dynamic of geothermal observation and its influencing factors are discussed.The typical seismic precursory anomalies are studied through the analysis of typical earthquake cases.The precursory anomalies of geothermal temperature are of the type of ascending type, ascending type and impulsive type.The shortest time from its anomaly to seismogenic time is 28h, up to a month or so, are short-term anomalies. Its anomaly range of several times to ten times the normal daily range, but little change in temperature before the earthquake, the cumulative abnormal value of the largest only 0.12 ℃, which can be described as the micro-dynamic anomalies of pre-earthquake geothermal.In summary, precise geothermographic observations have recorded significant short-term anomalous precursory anomalies, which is a relatively effective means of short-term forecasting.