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目的了解渭南市市售食品中金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)的污染状况,确定可能受污染的食品种类,为消除SA引发的安全隐患,保证居民食品安全,有效预防食源性疾病的暴发提供科学依据。方法 2011—2015年采集渭南市餐饮服务环节和流通环节销售的12类共988份食品样品,依据《国家食源性致病菌监测网工作手册》中规定的方法对SA进行分离和鉴定。结果 988份样品中共检出SA 72株,总检出率为7.29%;2015年SA的检出率最高(20.96%),其次为2011年(6.05%)、2013年(5.45%)、2014年(5.22%)和2012年(1.95%);不同种类食品中生畜禽肉SA的检出率最高(46.15%),其次为地方特色食品(12.50%)、焙烤及油炸类食品(8.33%)、即食非发酵性豆制品(7.5%)、熟肉制品(4.17%)、餐饮食品(4.09%)、速冻米面制品(2.50%)、乳及乳制品(1.54%),其他种类样品中均未检出SA;不同采样地点中采自小吃店的样品中SA检出率最高(14.39%),其次为零售店/便利店(13.21%)、农贸市场(11.88%)、餐饮服务环节的其他采样点(6.17%)、超市(4.87%)、大中小型餐饮(3.7%)及集体食堂(1.67%),流通环节中的其他采样点未检出SA;不同采样点、不同年份及不同种类食品中SA的检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);第3季度食品SA检出率最高(10.63%),其次为第4季度(5.80%)、第2季度(4.66%),第1季度采集的样品中未检出SA。结论渭南市市售食品中SA的污染状况不容乐观,提示有关部门应加强食品卫生监督管理,有效预防和控制该市食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the status of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) contamination in commercially available foods in Weinan City and to determine the types of food that may be contaminated so as to provide science for eliminating potential safety hazards caused by SA, ensuring food safety for residents and effectively preventing the outbreak of foodborne diseases in accordance with. Methods A total of 988 food samples of 12 categories sold in the catering service and circulation sectors in Weinan from 2011 to 2015 were collected and identified according to the methods specified in the National Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Monitoring Network Workbook. Results A total of 72 SA strains were detected in 988 samples with a total detection rate of 7.29%. The highest detection rate (20.96%) of SA was obtained in 2015, followed by that of 2011 (6.5%), 2013 (5.45%) and 2014 (5.22%) and 2012 (1.95%). The detection rate of SA was the highest among all kinds of foodstuffs (46.15%), followed by local specialties (12.50%), roasted and fried foods ), Instant non-fermented soybean products (7.5%), cooked meat products (4.17%), food and beverage products (4.09%), frozen rice products (2.50%), milk and dairy products SA was not detected in the samples taken from snack bars in different sampling sites (14.39%), followed by retail stores / convenience stores (13.21%), farmers’ markets (11.88%) and others in the catering service Sampling points (6.17%), supermarkets (4.87%), small and medium-sized catering (3.7%) and collective canteens (1.67%) were not detected in other sampling points in circulation. Different sampling points, different years and different types The detection rate of SA in food was statistically significant (P <0.01). The detection rate of SA was the highest in the third quarter (10.63%), followed by the fourth quarter (5.80%), the second quarter (4.66% SA was not detected in the samples collected in the first quarter. Conclusion The SA pollution in the marketable food in Weinan City is not optimistic, suggesting that relevant departments should strengthen food hygiene supervision and management and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of food-borne diseases in the city.