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目的分析2010年广东省青少年伤害相关危险行为流行状况,为进一步制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用系统抽样方法,在广东省21个地市随机抽取106所学校,每所学校每个年级随机选取1~2个班进行整群调查。应用《中国青少年健康危险行为监测》自填式问卷,收集学生的一般情况、11种伤害相关的危险行为和严重伤害相关情况,采用2检验和多因素logistic回归分析对数据进行统计分析。结果共调查21 449名学生,其中男生10 355人(48.28%),女生11 094人(51.72%)。曾经发生伤害危险行为共19 940例,发生率为92.96%,其中非故意伤害危险行为发生率为56.75%(12 173/21 449)、故意伤害危险行为发生率为74.05%(15 884/21 449)。其中危险行为的发生率较高的前3位分别为受到欺侮、感到孤独和骑车违章,发生率分别为59.43%、57.40%、42.70%。不同性别、经济发展水平地区、学校类型的学生各种伤害危险行为发生率有所不同(P<0.05或P<0.01)。青少年严重伤害发生人数为3 132例,其总发生率为14.60%(3 132/21 449),男生17.94%,女生11.48%,其中一次伤害和再发伤害发生率分别10.25%(2 198/21 449)和4.35%(934/21 449)。结论青少年中存在多种容易导致伤害的危险行为,应针对不同人群有针对性地采取有效预防措施,减少伤害特别是再发伤害的发生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of risk behaviors among adolescents in Guangdong Province in 2010 and provide a scientific basis for further prevention and intervention measures. Methods A systematic sampling method was used to randomly select 106 schools from 21 cities in Guangdong Province. One to two classes were randomly selected in each grade in each school for cluster investigation. The self-administered questionnaire was used to monitor the health risks of adolescents in China. The general situation of students, the 11 kinds of dangerous behavior related to injuries and the serious injuries were collected. The data were analyzed by 2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 21 449 students were surveyed, including 10 355 boys (48.28%) and 11 094 girls (51.72%). A total of 19 940 cases of dangerous injuries occurred, accounting for 92.96%. The incidence of unintentional injuries was 56.75% (12 173/21 449) and the risk of intentional injuries was 74.05% (15 884/21 449) ). Among them, the top three of the high risk behaviors were bullying, feeling lonely and cycling violation respectively, with the incidence rates of 59.43%, 57.40% and 42.70% respectively. There was a difference in the incidence of all kinds of dangerous behaviors among students of different gender and economic development levels (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The number of serious injuries among adolescents was 3,132, with a total incidence of 14.60% (3 132/21 449), 17.94% for boys and 11.48% for girls, and the incidence of injuries and recurrent injuries was 10.25% (2 198/21 449) and 4.35% (934/21 449). Conclusions There are many dangerous behaviors in adolescents that may lead to injury. Targeted measures should be taken for different groups of people to reduce the occurrence of injuries, especially recurrent injuries.