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目的：观察中药加化疗药物直肠内灌注治疗直肠癌的临床疗效。方法：采用随机方法将８６例直肠癌患者分为中药加化疗组及单纯化疗组，均于手术前直肠内灌注相应药物，并对灌注前及手术后Ｔ细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ）活性、病理标本、临床症状改变，进行统计学分析。结果：单纯化疗组ＣＤ３、ＮＫ活性较灌注前下降，肿瘤周缘的细胞浸润多集中于１级；中药加化疗组的ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８、ＮＫ活性较灌注前明显恢复（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１），ＣＤ８下降明显（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１），肿瘤周缘细胞浸润集中于３级。结论：单纯化疗有明显抑制患者的细胞免疫作用，加用中药后起到免疫调理及改善粘液血便、便频等症状的作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine plus chemotherapeutic drugs for intrarectal infusion of rectal cancer. METHODS: A total of 86 patients with rectal cancer were randomly divided into traditional Chinese medicine plus chemotherapy group and chemotherapy alone group. The drugs were injected into the rectum before operation and the T lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells (NK) were pre- and post-infusion. Activity, pathological specimens, clinical symptoms, and statistical analysis. Results: The CD3 and NK activity in the chemotherapy alone group decreased compared with that before the perfusion. The infiltration of cells around the tumor was mostly concentrated in the first grade. The activity of CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8, and NK in the traditional Chinese medicine plus chemotherapy group was significantly restored before the perfusion (P<0). 05 or P <0 01), CD8 decreased significantly (P <0 05 or P <0 01), cell infiltration around the tumor focused on the 3rd. Conclusion: The chemotherapy alone can significantly inhibit the cellular immune function of the patient. After the addition of the traditional Chinese medicine, it plays an important role in immune conditioning and improving the symptoms of mucoaemia and frequent stools.