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MicroRNA是一组内源性高度保守的单链非编码RNA小分子,约由22个核苷酸组成,通过抑制靶基因信使RNA(mRNA)翻译或促进mRNA降解等方式调控基因的表达。近年研究发现,microRNA参与人体多种病理生理过程,其中,microRNA的异常表达与急性心肌梗死的发生、进展密切相关,急性心肌梗死患者血浆中microRNA显著升高,同时参与随后一系列病理过程,并具有高度心脏特异性,本文就microRNA与心肌梗死的心脏病理特征作一综述。
MicroRNA is a group of endogenous highly conserved single-stranded non-coding RNA small molecules, composed of about 22 nucleotides, which regulate gene expression by inhibiting target gene messenger RNA (mRNA) translation or promoting mRNA degradation. Recent studies have found that microRNA involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes of the human body, of which, abnormal expression of microRNA is closely related to the occurrence and progress of acute myocardial infarction. The microRNA in plasma of patients with acute myocardial infarction is significantly increased, and participates in a series of subsequent pathological processes With a high degree of cardiac specificity, this article reviews the cardiopathological features of microRNAs and myocardial infarction.