论文部分内容阅读
山杏是太行山区分布很广的核果类树种之一。山杏具有抗干旱、低温和耐瘠薄等优良特性。由于山杏果小、果肉薄且产量低、品质差,因此商品率低,形不成经济效益,所以一直不被人们所重视,致使这一资源多年来处于自生自灭境况。利用山杏适应性极强的特性,进行高接食用杏、杏扁等,提高经济价值,是改造利用山区自然资源的一条重要途径。高接的适宜时期是春季,当山杏枝条上花芽开始膨大叶芽将要萌动时,用劈接、切接、插皮接面方法嫁接,只要技术应用得当,成活率可达80％以上。为保证较高成活率,山杏高接应注意以下几个技术要点。 1、选择立地条件好,在土层深厚的方田平地,梯田埝边生长着的植株健壮、树龄较小的山杏作砧木,这是保证嫁接成活的基础。 2、嫁接前,将山杏树所有主、侧枝用锯去除,每树留5—7个直立或半直立枝段,长约30厘米,基径3厘米左右,用利刀将枝段顶端削平,不留毛茬。
Apricot is one of the most widely distributed drupe trees in the Taihang Mountains. Prunus armeniaca has the characteristics of drought resistance, low temperature and resistance to infertility. Because of the small apricot fruit, thin flesh and low yield, poor quality, the low rate of commodities, the economic benefits, it has not been valued by people, resulting in this resource for many years in a vicious situation. The use of wild apricot adaptability of the characteristics of high access to apricot, Apricot flat, etc., to improve economic value, is an important way to transform the use of mountain natural resources. Suitable period of high access is spring, when the buds on the apricot branches began to expand the buds will germinate, the use of cleavage, cut access, cutaneous access method grafting, as long as the technology properly applied, the survival rate of up to 80%. In order to ensure a high survival rate, apricot should pay attention to the following technical points. 1, select the site conditions are good, in the deep Fang Tian Ping, terraced fields growing side of the plant robust, smaller age of apricot as rootstock, which is to ensure the survival of grafting basis. 2, before grafting, all the main apricot tree, collateral removed with a saw, each tree to stay 5-7 upright or semi-erect branches, about 30 cm, a base diameter of about 3 cm, with a knife flattened the top of the branch , Do not leave stubble.