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目的收集四川省2004-2014年11年间婚检率变化趋势,为进一步推进婚前保健工作提供依据和指引。方法分析四川省2004年1月1日-2014年12月31日婚前保健年报数据,与全国同期婚检率变化进行对比,并分析其与出生缺陷率之间的关联性。结果 2004年婚检率最低,2004-2008年维持在0.90%~3.50%,2010年开始明显回升,2013年和2014年分别达44.88%和52.35%;结构上看,从2012年开始,农村婚检率大于城市;四川省婚检率11年中期变化趋势与全国基本一致,2010年后增长速度高于全国,但婚检率绝对值仍然低于全国平均水平。2004-2009年婚检率低迷时,四川省全省出生缺陷率持续上升,一度年增长率达23.72%;2009年婚检率达到两位数以后,出生缺陷率开始下降,年平均下降率4.61%,2014年出生缺陷率降至144.60/万,在一定程度上反映出出生缺陷率变动与婚检率负相关趋势。结论婚检及婚前保健是降低出生缺陷的一级预防措施之一,婚检工作意义重大,需要政策、管理和技术齐头并进,共同促使婚检率的提高。
Objective To collect the changing trend of premarital examination rate in Sichuan Province during the 11 years from 2004 to 2014 and provide the basis and guidelines for further promoting premarital health care work. Methods The data of prenatal health care in Sichuan Province from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2014 were analyzed and compared with the rate of premarital premarital examination nationwide in the same period, and the correlation between them and birth defect rate was analyzed. Results The rate of premarital examination was the lowest from 2004 to 2008. The rate of premarital examination rose from 0.90% to 3.50% in 2004-2008, and markedly rebounded from 2010 to 44.88% and 52.35% respectively in 2013 and 2014. From the perspective of structure, the rate of premarital examination in rural areas Which is larger than the city. The trend of premarital examination in Sichuan Province in the middle of the past 11 years is basically the same as that of the whole country. After 2010, the rate of increase in premarital examination is higher than the national average. However, the absolute rate of premarital examination remains below the national average. When the rate of premarital examination was low in 2004-2009, the birth defect rate in Sichuan province continued to rise at an annual rate of 23.72%. After the rate of premarital examination reached double digits in 2009, the birth defect rate began to decline, with an average annual rate of 4.61% The birth defect rate dropped to 144.60 / million in 2014, which reflects to a certain extent the negative correlation trend between the birth defects rate and the premarital examination. Conclusion Premarital and premarital health care is one of the primary preventive measures to reduce birth defects. Premarital work is of great significance and requires policy, management and technology to go hand in hand to promote the improvement of premarital examination rate.