This article examines some general atmospheric circulation and climate models in the context of the notion of 'memory'. Two kinds of memories are define
A variational technique (VT) is applied to estimate surface sensible and latent heat fluxes based on observations of air temperature, wind speed, and humidity,
Adopting the Easterling-Peterson (EP) techniques and considering the reality of Chinese meteorolog-ical observations, this paper designed several tests and test