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四合木作为荒漠群落的建群种,对当地生态系统稳定及生态环境保护具有不可替代的作用。通过对四合木根系发育特征的分析表明,煤炭资源垮落法开采诱发的地表变形和裂缝极易使四合木须根断裂,同时根系范围内土壤保水性能发生改变,影响四合木的生长发育。基于开采沉陷学相关原理,推导了地表拉伸应变的计算公式,分析了地表裂缝发育特征,得出开采厚度与地表拉应变的对应关系。基于充填开采等价采高理论,建立了固体废弃物充填开采时的等价开采厚度与地表裂缝发育及四合木须根断裂的对应关系,即在一定充填率下开采诱发的地表拉伸应变小于四合木须根的平均极限拉应变时,四合木的根系生长将不受影响。因此,采空区充填是保护四合木生长的有效开采方法。
Tetraena mongolica as a desert community building species, the stability of the local ecosystem and ecological environment protection has an irreplaceable role. The analysis of root development characteristics of Tetraena mongolica shows that the surface deformation and fissures induced by the mining of coal resources can lead to the rupture of the Tetraena mongolica. At the same time, the soil water holding capacity in the root system is changed, which affects the growth and development of Tetraena mongolica . Based on the theory of mining subsidence, the calculation formula of surface tensile strain is deduced. The development characteristics of surface cracks are analyzed, and the corresponding relationship between mining thickness and surface tension strain is obtained. Based on the equivalent mining and mining theory, the corresponding relationship between the equivalent mining thickness and the development of surface fissures and the fibrous roots of Tetramuschia wood was established. That is to say, the surface tensile strain induced by mining at a certain filling rate is less than When the average ultimate tensile strain of Tetraena Mutida, the root growth of Tetraxin will not be affected. Therefore, goaf filling is an effective method to protect the growth of Tetraena mongolica.