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目的 探讨不同致伤参数对家兔胸部火器伤模型建立的影响及致死原因 .方法 分别用 3个档次速度 [V1 =( 35 0± 2 0 ) m.s- 1 ;V2 =40 0～ 5 0 0 m.s- 1 ;V3=70 0～ 80 0 m.s- 1 ]造成家兔右下胸穿透伤 ( n=2 8) ,每种伤型又分模型组与救治组 .结果 1V2 和 V3弹片伤组 ,无论救治与否 ,死亡率均为10 0 % ;V1 为枪弹伤组 ,致伤模型组与救治组死亡率分别为 :83%和 5 0 % . 2各组致伤瞬间动脉压、静脉压、气道压均骤然上升 ,分别高达伤前 3.5 ,9.0和 8.0倍 ,动脉血氧饱和度降低 ,二氧化碳储留及混合性酸中毒 . 3大体解剖见有肋骨骨折、肋间动脉破裂、右下肺伤道周围肺挫伤和胸腔积血 ,积血量 3组分别为 32 .5 ,2 6 .5和 17.5 m L.结论 V1 枪弹伤适合于家兔胸部火器伤救治研究的实验模型 ;V2 和 V3弹片伤伤情重 ,出血速度快 ,均在伤后 1h内死亡 ,属致死性胸部火器伤模型 .并提示用家兔制造弹片伤救治研究的实验模型非常困难 .致伤速度的选择应根据动物种属和耐量来定
Objective To investigate the effects of different injury parameters on the establishment of a firearm model of thoracic injury in rabbits and the cause of death.Methods Three velocity profiles were used respectively [V1 = (35 0 ± 20) ms-1 and V2 = 40 0 ~ 500 ms - 1; V3 = 70 0 ~ 80 0 ms- 1] caused penetrating injury in right lower chest of rabbits (n = 28), and each injury model was divided into model group and treatment group.Results 1V2 and V3 shrapnel injury group, Regardless of treatment or not, the mortality rate was 100%; V1 for the gunshot wound group, the mortality rate of the model group and the treatment group were 83% and 50% respectively.2 The transient arterial pressure, venous pressure, Airway pressure were a sudden increase, up to 3.5, 9.0 and 8.0 times before injury, decreased arterial oxygen saturation, carbon dioxide storage and mixed acidosis .3 general anatomy see rib fractures, intercostal artery rupture, right lower lung Pulmonary contusion and pleural hemorrhage around the injured area were 32.5, 26.5 and 17.5 mL, respectively, in the three groups.Conclusions The experimental model of V1 bullet injury is suitable for the study of the treatment of chest firearm injuries in rabbits. V2 and V3 Shrapnel injury serious, bleeding speed, were killed within 1h after injury, is a fatal chest firearm model and prompted the use of rabbit shrapnel Clinical studies on experimental models is very difficult. Select injury rate should be determined according to animal species and tolerance