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[目的]对上海、广州、武汉、长沙、重庆和大连共6个试点城市1116户城市贫困家庭的健康状况、医疗救助情况及其影响因素等进行调查研究,从而为完善城市贫困人口医疗救助机制提供科学依据。[方法]采用分层抽样的方法,对6个试点城市贫困人口的健康状况、经济来源、医疗救助利用情况及其影响因素等进行问卷调查。[结果]贫困人口文化程度较低,初中及以下的占65%。城市贫困人口身体状况差,59%的人长期患病或经常得病,仅有5.3%的人很少得病。45%的贫困人口患病后自费医疗,只有29.2%的人得到过医疗救助,影响医疗救助可及性的因素主要有救助病种范围小、补偿额度低、医疗救助程序复杂、起伏线高、定点不方便等,其在6个城市的分布不同(χ2=355.950,P﹤0.001)。[结论]城市贫困人口文化程度低,经济来源少,身体状况差,而目前城市医疗救助覆盖面窄,救助病种的范围小、补偿额度低、起伏线高等,严重阻碍城市的反贫困行动,因而根据各个地区的特征,深入探讨公平有效的城市医疗救助体制显得尤为重要。
[Objective] To investigate the health condition, medical assistance and influencing factors of 1116 poor families in 6 pilot cities in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Chongqing and Dalian, so as to improve the medical assistance mechanism for the urban poor Provide a scientific basis. [Methods] The stratified sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the health status, economic sources, utilization of medical aid and its influencing factors among the poor in 6 pilot cities. [Results] The poor have a low level of education, accounting for 65% of junior high school and below. Poor urban people are in poor health, with 59% of people having long-term or frequent illnesses and only 5.3% rarely having it. 45% of the poor population suffer medical expenses at their own expense, while only 29.2% have received medical assistance. The main factors affecting the accessibility of medical assistance are the small range of aid diseases, the low compensation amount, complicated medical assistance procedures, Inconvenient spotting and so on, which distributed differently in 6 cities (χ2 = 355.950, P <0.001). [Conclusions] Urban poor people have low education level, few economic sources and poor health status. At present, urban medical assistance coverage is narrow, the range of aid diseases is small, the amount of compensation is low, the fluctuation line is high, which seriously hinders the urban anti-poverty action. Therefore, According to the characteristics of each region, it is particularly important to explore in depth the fair and effective urban medical aid system.