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以石圪台矿22304工作面为例,从厚松散含水层、薄基岩浅埋煤层开采时存在的突水溃砂问题入手、分析影响突水溃砂的4个影响因素、以现场监测、室内流固耦合相似模拟和水动力学等为主要研究手段,分析采区的特定的地质条件,研究煤层采动覆岩来压的规律,薄基岩破坏规律及研究水砂运移的动力机制,并给出突水溃砂临界水头高度及安全水头的计算和判定依据;得出了工作面的临界采宽是52.7 m,老顶首次来压计算步距50~79 m,周期来压步距16~19m。临界水力坡度为1.251、临界水头高度为13.54 m、实际水力坡度为3.25、实际水力坡度大于临界水力坡度,分析研究区在初始状态下有突水溃砂危险。
Taking Shizhidai Mine 22304 as an example, this paper starts with the problems of water inrush and sand in the mining of thick loose aquifer and shallow bedrock coal seam, and analyzes the four influencing factors that affect the water inrush. By field monitoring, indoor Fluid-solid coupling similarity simulation and hydrodynamics as the main research methods, analyzing the specific geological conditions of the mining area, studying the law of pressure of overburden strata mining, the breaking law of thin bedrock and studying the dynamic mechanism of water and sand transport, And the calculation and judgment basis of the critical head height and safety head of water inrush and collapse are given. The critical width of working face is 52.7 m, the first step of the roof pressure calculation is 50 ~ 79 m, 16 ~ 19m. The critical hydraulic slope is 1.251, the critical head height is 13.54 m, the actual hydraulic gradient is 3.25, and the actual hydraulic gradient is larger than the critical hydraulic gradient. The risk of water inrush from the initial state is analyzed.