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由于近代计算技术及应用数学的迅速发展,在林业生产及科学技术上,特别是在森林经理和测树学等方面引用了许多新技术及新内容,世界各国这个趋势还在继续发展。以下想就看到的一些资料,谈谈国外森林经理等方面运用数学模型的概况,供参考。一、系统分析、模拟、模型和抉择在谈数学模型以前,有必要先从系统分析(System analysis)谈起。所谓系统,这里的涵义比较广,指事物的组合或复合整体;而系统分析,则是将复杂的事物从整体或概念整体的内在本质抽象出来,描述其结构并解释其因果关系的一个过程。系统本是相互作用各单元的一种有机排列,在相互作用时,其整体运动所赋出的能力,为各单元所不及。换一句话说,就是全系统的能力大于各单元能力之和。系统可以是天生的,也可以是人为的。系统无处不在,大多数事物可以描绘成为一个系统或其一部份。所有的生命都是具有细胞、组织、
Due to the rapid development of modern computing technology and applied mathematics, many new technologies and new contents have been quoted in forestry production and science and technology, especially in forest managers and tree-measuring. The trend in other countries in the world continues to develop. The following would like to see some of the information, talk about foreign forest managers and other aspects of the use of mathematical models for reference. First, the system analysis, simulation, model and choice Before talking about the mathematical model, it is necessary to talk about the system analysis (System analysis). The so-called system, the meaning here is relatively broad, refers to the combination of things or composite whole; and system analysis, it is the complex nature of the whole thing or concept of the whole abstract, describe its structure and explain the causal relationship between a process. The system is an organic arrangement of the elements of the interaction. When interacting, the overall ability of the system to contribute to each element can not be met. In other words, the system-wide capability is greater than the sum of the units’ abilities. The system can be natural or human. The system is ubiquitous, and most things can be portrayed as a system or a part of it. All life is with cells, tissues,