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基于有源方向图叠加原理和杂草入侵优化算法对小规模天线阵列的波束指向进行了校准。对于小规模阵列,由于天线单元之间的互耦导致阵中每个单元的方向图各不相同,如果使用阵因子理论对其配相,阵列无法扫描到期望的波束指向。为了考虑互耦的的影响,利用有源方向图叠加原理合成整个阵列的方向图;再将杂草入侵优化算法和有源方向图叠加原理进行结合对每个单元的馈电相位进行优化。基于该混合算法,对一个7元平面阵列进行了优化,优化后的相位分布可以使该阵列扫描到期望的波束指向,解决了小规模阵列的波束指向偏差问题。
The beam pointing of the small-scale antenna array was calibrated based on the principle of active pattern overlay and weed intrusion optimization algorithm. For small-scale arrays, the pattern of each cell in the array is different due to the mutual coupling between the antenna elements, and the array can not scan the desired beam directions if it is phased using the array theory. In order to consider the influence of mutual coupling, the directional pattern of the whole array is synthesized by the principle of the superimposition of active patterns. Then the weed invasion optimization algorithm and the principle of superimposed active pattern are combined to optimize the feed phase of each unit. Based on the hybrid algorithm, a 7-element planar array is optimized, and the optimized phase distribution can make the array scan the desired beam direction and solve the beam pointing deviation problem of the small-scale array.