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目的研究分析玉林市近年来急性中毒的基本情况。方法采用回顾性流行病学调查方法,对该市6家医院在2006-2010年住院治疗的1 712例急性中毒病例进行分析。结果近年来玉林市急性中毒病例呈递增趋势,2010年比2006年增加了106.67%,平均每年递增21.33%;男性病例占51.34%,女性病例占48.66%,男女之比为1∶0.95,发病以20～60岁年龄段(56.02%)居住在农村者(87.15%)为多。药物经口进入体内引起中毒占71.50%,中毒发生在家里占82.01%;前三位中毒原因为意外性占33.53%、误食占29.26%、自杀占28.10%;中毒类型主要是农药中毒(36.45%)、药物中毒(17.70%)、一氧化碳中毒(12.79%)、食物中毒(7.54%)、鼠药中毒(5.20%)。1712例患者中死亡29例,病死率为1.69%,农药占病死病例的62.07%。结论急性中毒的关键在于加强健康教育及提高诊疗水平。
Objective To study and analyze the basic situation of acute poisoning in Yulin City in recent years. Methods The retrospective epidemiological survey method was used to analyze the 1 712 cases of acute poisoning hospitalized in 6 hospitals in the city from 2006 to 2010. Results In recent years, the number of cases of acute poisoning in Yulin increased progressively, increasing by 106.67% in 2010 compared with 2006, with an average annual increase of 21.33%. There were 51.34% of male cases, 48.66% of female cases and 1: 0.95 of male and female patients. People aged 20-60 (56.02%) lived in rural areas (87.15%). Drugs caused by mouth into the body accounted for 71.50% poisoning, poisoning occurred in the home accounted for 82.01%; the first three causes of accidents accounted for 33.53% accidental eating accounted for 29.26% suicide accounted for 28.10%; type of poisoning is mainly pesticide poisoning (36.45 %), Drug poisoning (17.70%), carbon monoxide poisoning (12.79%), food poisoning (7.54%) and rat poisoning (5.20%). Among the 1712 patients, 29 died, the case fatality rate was 1.69%, and the pesticide accounted for 62.07% of the dead cases. Conclusion The key to acute poisoning lies in strengthening health education and improving the diagnosis and treatment.