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目的通过微核试验检测某流域水环境的遗传毒性。方法沿某河流选择9个乡镇,沿河采集7个地表水样和41个浅层地下水样。采样量为2 L,使用HLB固相萃取柱浓缩水样,丙酮洗脱,DMSO定容至50μl,采用人外周血淋巴细胞微核试验(胞质分裂阻断法)检测水样的微核率。结果地表水的微核率(MN‰)均值为29.3‰,污染指数(PI)均值为4.36,属于重度污染;周边浅层地下水的微核率为16.2‰,PI为2.04,总体水质为轻度污染;近岸(距离河岸的距离≤1 km)浅层地下水的微核率和PI分别为19.1‰和2.45,分别是远岸(距离河岸的距离>1 km)浅层地下水的1.5倍和1.4倍。结论本研究监测的地表水环境遗传毒性高于周边浅层地下水,且略高于国内文献报道结果。
Objective To detect the genotoxicity of aquatic environment in a river basin by micronucleus test. Methods Nine townships were selected along a river and seven surface water samples and 41 shallow groundwater samples were collected along the river. The sample volume was 2 L, HLB SPE cartridge was used to concentrate the water sample and eluted with acetone. The volume of DMSO was fixed to 50 μl. The micronucleus rate of water sample was detected by human peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus test (cytosolic block method) . Results The average micronucleus rate (MN ‰) of surface water was 29.3 ‰ and the mean value of pollution index (PI) was 4.36, which was a serious pollution. The micronucleus rate of peripheral shallow groundwater was 16.2 ‰, PI was 2.04, and the overall water quality was mild Pollution; Near shore (distance to river bank ≤1 km) The micronucleus rate and PI of shallow groundwater are 19.1 ‰ and 2.45, respectively 1.5 times and 1.4 times of the shallow groundwater (distance> 1 km from river bank) Times Conclusion The genetic toxicity of surface water environment monitored in this study is higher than that of the surrounding shallow groundwater and slightly higher than the results reported in the domestic literature.