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下层民众有着其独特的、不同于主流社会的社会理想。戏曲艺术是扎根于群众生活的一种草根文化、通俗文化,其接受主体是广大的下层民众。戏曲经典剧目是下层民众社会理想的自然流露和反映。吕剧是山东最具代表性的地方戏曲剧种,久演不衰的吕剧经典剧目折射出下层民众渴望化解家庭矛盾,倡导家庭和睦,摒弃嫌贫爱富,希冀平等互助,痛恨恃强凌弱,追求公平正义以及挣脱封建束缚,向往婚姻自由的社会理想。考察吕剧经典剧目中蕴藏的社会理想,是探索中国“小传统”文化社会思想的有效途径,有助于把握民间社会思想的特点,同时对于当代文艺创作及政府决策有着重要的指导意义。
The lower people have their own unique and different social ideals from the mainstream society. Traditional opera art is a kind of grassroots culture and popular culture which is rooted in the mass life. The main body of its reception is the broad masses of the lower classes. The classical drama of the opera is the natural expression and reflection of the social ideal of the lower people. Lu Opera is the most representative local operas in Shandong. The classic drama of Lu Opera, which has been playing for a long time, reflects the desire of the lower classes to resolve family conflicts, advocate family harmony, abandon the poverty line and hope for equality and mutual assistance, hate bullying, pursue fairness and justice, and Get rid of the feudal bondage, longing for freedom of marriage social ideal. Investigating the social ideals contained in the classic plays of Lvju is an effective way to explore the cultural and social thoughts in China and helps to grasp the characteristics of the ideas of civil society. It also has important guiding significance for contemporary literary and artistic creation and government decision-making.