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麝香为我国特产的名贵中药之一。过去商品分养皮麝香、柿蒂麝香和毛壳麝香三种。现商品分毛壳麝香、麝香仁二种。毛壳麝香为阴干的整个香囊;麝香仁为香囊内的干燥分泌物。但无论属何种麝香,都应具有“香气远射”之特征。由于麝香的来源少,价格昂贵,故掺假作伪之品时有发现。因此,中药人员应掌握麝香的鉴别知识,以保证为临床提供可靠的药材。现介绍几种常用的鉴别方法。一.眼看真品毛壳麝香呈球形、扁圆形或梨形的囊状体,直径3～7cm,厚2～4cm。开口面革质棕褐色,略平,中间有一小孔(囊孔),小孔直径2～4mm,周围残存银白色毛。另一面为棕褐色略带紫色的皮膜,微皱缩,偶见肌肉纤维。伪品,其形状大小与真品同,唯囊孔扩大(是取出真香仁又填充其他异物所致),一般超过3mm,且多饱满壮实。
Musk is one of the rare Chinese medicines for specialty products in China. In the past, there were three types of products, namely leather musk, shitty musk and musk musk. The current product is divided into two kinds of hairy shell musk and peony. The musk musk is the entire dried sachet; the musk kernel is the dry secretion inside the sachet. However, no matter what type of musk, it should have the characteristics of “long-range of aroma”. Because of the small source of musk and its high price, adulterated products have been discovered. Therefore, Chinese medicine personnel should master the identification knowledge of Musk in order to ensure that they provide clinically reliable herbs. Now introduce several common methods of identification. One. Seeing the authentic shell musk is spherical, oblate or pear-shaped cysts, diameter 3 ~ 7cm, thickness 2 ~ 4cm. The open face is leathery brown, slightly flat, with a small hole (bag hole) in the middle. The small hole has a diameter of 2 to 4mm, and silvery white hair remains around it. The other side is a purplish-brown skin with slight shrinkage and occasional muscle fibers. Counterfeit goods, the shape and size of the same as the real thing, the only expansion of the bag hole (is taken out of the real aroma and fill other foreign body caused by), generally more than 3mm, and more full and strong.