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紫草是一种常用的中药,收载于《中国药典》(一部,1963年版)。性味苦、寒,有凉血、活血、清热、燥湿及抗菌的功用。主治斑疹不透及疮毒痈肿等症。外用多制成紫草膏,治疗烧、烫伤,对某些皮肤真菌有抗菌作用。单方内服可预防麻疹,治疗流行性腮腺炎等症。紫草属紫草科植物,产于我国新疆、东北、内蒙及云南等地。因产地不同而紫草名称也不同。产于我国东北各省的,称东紫草或硬紫草(Lithospermumerythrorrhizon S.et Z.);产于新疆各地的,称新疆紫草或软紫草[Macrotomia euchroma(Royle)Pauls]。紫草供药用的是其干燥的根。根内含大量的紫色萘醌类色素(紫草素及其衍生物)和挥发酸、固醇、蜡等多种成分。
Lithospermum is a commonly used Chinese medicine and is contained in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Part 1, 1963 edition). Sex bitter, cold, cooling blood, blood circulation, heat, dampness and antibacterial function. Indications rash and sore carbuncle embolism. External use made of comfrey cream, treatment of burns, scalds, antibacterial effects on certain dermatophytes. Unilateral oral administration can prevent measles and treat epidemic parotitis. Lithospermum is a comfrey plant produced in Xinjiang, Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and Yunnan. The name of Lithospermum varies according to the place of production. Produced in China’s northeastern provinces, said the Eastern Lithospermum or hard Lithospermum (Lithospermumerythrorrhizon S.et Z.); produced in all parts of Xinjiang, said Xinjiang Lithospermum or soft Lithospermum [Macrotomia euchroma (Royle) Pauls]. Lithospermum is used medicinally for its dried roots. The root contains a large number of purple naphthoquinone pigments (shikonin and its derivatives) and volatile acids, sterols, waxes and other ingredients.