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【目的】甜瓜和棉花均是棉蚜及烟粉虱的适宜寄主,瓜套棉种植模式为2种害虫混合危害提供了条件,该模式下哪种害虫具有竞争优势值得探讨。【方法】通过田间定点调查和室内行为学观察,研究了吐鲁番地区瓜套棉种植模式下棉蚜和烟粉虱的发生动态及竞争干扰。【结果】田间观察分别于2011和2012年进行,在瓜套棉种植模式棉花、甜瓜上,棉蚜的发生期较烟粉虱早,但随着烟粉虱田间种群数量增加,对棉蚜产生明显的干扰和竞争作用,8月下旬至9月上旬烟粉虱成为田间优势种群。室内行为观察表明,2种害虫共存状态下均表现出以烟粉虱为优势的竞争作用,主要行为表现为通过触角、足的驱赶行为和进入棉蚜活动区域干扰等。当虫量低于4头·皿~(-1)时,无论棉蚜和烟粉虱哪种昆虫先接入,相互间的影响和干扰都很少。当2种昆虫数量均增加到8头·皿~(-1)时,烟粉虱成虫以触角、足等干扰棉蚜的行为频次显著增多。不同的定殖时间下,无论棉蚜和烟粉虱哪种昆虫先接入,随着定殖时间的延长,烟粉虱通过触角、足以及进入棉蚜活动区域驱逐和干扰棉蚜的行为都呈递减的趋势。【结论】在瓜套棉种植模式下,烟粉虱较棉蚜具有显著的竞争优势。
【Objective】 Melon and cotton are both suitable host for cotton aphid and whitefly. The cucumber cotton planting mode provided the conditions for the mixture of two kinds of pests. It is worth to discuss which kind of pests have competitive advantage in this mode. 【Method】 Through the field investigation and indoor behavioral observation, the dynamics and competition of cotton aphids and whiteflies were studied in Turpan cotton planting area. 【Result】 Field observations were carried out in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Cotton aphid was earlier developed in cucumber cotton plantations than melon whiteflies. However, with the increase in the population of Bemisia tabaci, Obvious disturbance and competition effect, Bemisia tabaci became the dominant species in the field from late August to early September. The indoor behavioral observations showed that both species of pests showed the competitive advantage of B. tabaci in the coexistence state. The main behaviors of the two pests were driven by the antennae and foot and the disturbance of entering the active area of cotton aphid. When the amount of insects is less than 4 × 10 ~ (-1), the insects of A. gossypii and B. tabaci access the first accessions, the influence and disturbance are few. When the number of two kinds of insects increased to 8 × 10 ~ 10 pancreas, the frequency of antennae and footbinding of Bemisia tabaci metamorphosis significantly increased. At different colonization times, both insects of cotton aphid and B. tabaci access first, and with the prolongation of colonization time, B. tabaci were able to repel and interfere with the activity of cotton aphid Decreasing trend. 【Conclusion】 Bemisia tabaci had a significant competitive advantage over cotton aphid under cucumber-cotton cultivation.