论文部分内容阅读
中国青年代表团经济技术分团一行25人,从1990年2月26日踏上日本国土,进行了为期一个月的考察研修访问,在日期间考察团本着务实的精神,分别从宏观与微观的角度对日本经济的发展,企业的成长与管理等问题进行了有的放矢的考察。关于企业遇到经济危机时,如何渡过难关,考察团结合目前我国的实际与日本学术界、企业界就这个问题进行了广泛的交流与讨论。他们的经验和做法是:1.企业具有极强的内部消化机制。我们在考察过程中了解和发现,日本企业在遇到经济危机时所采取的一系列措施与西方国家有很大的差异。在西方经济危机时,企业首先采取的措施是裁员,而日本则不是这样。裁员在日本是在万不得已的情况下最后采取的一招,在日本,企业遇到经济困难时,首先是减少企业领导的工资(在西方正相反,例如亚科卡在克莱斯勒公司遇到困难时,他的工资照常不减),其次是减少股东们的红利,再其次是降低成本,最后是裁员。一般裁下来的人员就地培训,发给基本工资,这样保持了日本社会的稳定和长期以来的低失业率。
Twenty-five people from the economic and technical sub-branches of the Chinese Youth Delegation set foot on Japan’s territory from February 26, 1990 for a month-long study tour. During the day, the delegation visited the country in a pragmatic spirit, from the macro and micro perspectives. From the perspective of the Japanese economy, the company’s growth and management issues and other issues were investigated. With regard to how companies survive the economic crisis when they encounter an economic crisis, the delegation has conducted extensive exchanges and discussions with the Japanese academia and business community on this issue in conjunction with the current reality in China. Their experience and practice are: 1. The company has a strong internal digestion mechanism. During the inspection process, we learned and discovered that the series of measures adopted by Japanese companies in the face of the economic crisis are very different from those in Western countries. In the economic crisis in the West, the first step taken by companies was to lay off workers, while Japan did not. Layoffs are a last resort in Japan as a last resort. In Japan, when companies face financial difficulties, they first reduce the wages of corporate leaders (in the West, on the contrary, for example, if Yokaka encounters difficulties at Chrysler, His salary does not decrease as usual, followed by reducing the dividends of shareholders, followed by reducing costs, and finally reducing staff. Locally trained personnel are given on-site training and basic wages are paid, thus maintaining the stability of the Japanese society and the long-term low unemployment rate.