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采用砂培方法在温室条件下研究了低分子量有机酸柠檬酸、草酸、苹果酸及3种酸的混合物对大豆植株氮素积累、结瘤和固氮的影响.结果表明:低分子量有机酸对大豆植株氮素积累有显著的抑制作用,使大豆地上部各时期氮素积累量的降低幅度分别为:苗期17.6%~44.9%,花期29.8%~88.4%,鼓粒期9.18%~69.6%,成熟期2.21%~41.7%;低分子量有机酸对大豆根瘤生长和固氮能力也有显著影响,表现为使根瘤数量、根瘤固氮酶活性和豆血红蛋白含量显著降低,降低幅度分别为11.4%~59.6%,80.5%~91.7%和11.9%~59.9%,从而使大豆的固氮效率降低,最终导致大豆的固氮量较对照显著降低(降低幅度9.71%~64.5%).低分子量有机酸对大豆氮积累、根瘤生长和固氮能力的抑制作用随浓度的增加而增加.3种有机酸中,草酸的抑制作用相对大于柠檬酸和苹果酸,3种有机酸混合后,抑制作用加强.
The effect of low molecular weight organic acids (citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid and three kinds of acids) on the nitrogen accumulation, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of soybean plants was studied under sand culture conditions in greenhouse.The results showed that low molecular weight organic acids Nitrogen accumulation in plants significantly inhibited the accumulation of nitrogen in soils over the upper part of the soils during the period. The decreasing rates of nitrogen accumulation were 17.6% -44.9% in seedling stage, 29.8% -88.4% in florescence stage, 9.18% -69.6% in drum stage, Mature period of 2.21% ~ 41.7%; low molecular weight organic acids on soybean nodulation growth and nitrogen fixation capacity also showed a significant effect on the number of nodules, nodule nitrogenase activity and hemoglobin content decreased significantly, the decrease of 11.4% -59.6%, respectively, 80.5% -91.7% and 11.9% -59.9%, respectively, which led to the decrease of nitrogen fixation efficiency of soybean, which led to a significant decrease of nitrogen fixation of soybean (9.71% -64.5% The inhibition of growth and nitrogen fixation ability increased with the increase of concentration.The inhibitory effect of oxalic acid was stronger than that of citric acid and malic acid in the three kinds of organic acids.