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本文主要综述了植物生长调节剂和除草剂对果实Ca,P营养的影响,其影响可分为直接和间接两方面。生长调节剂(三碘本甲酸、B_9和PP333)的直接影响是通过减少植物生长素(IAA)向基部运转由此减少了Ca向顶部的运转实现的。其结果(主要在苹果上)是Ca的含量减少了。间接作用和下列情况相关:(1)果实的大小发生变化;(2)消除枝条、果实对营养的竞争;(3)增加根量;(4)消除菌根。前三个间接作用潜在地增加了果实的Ca含量,可以从B_9和PP333的处理中看到。除草剂可以保持果园土壤免生杂草,但也大大地减少了菌根真菌对根系的侵染,从而减少了P的吸收和果实中P的含量。生长调节剂的直接和间接影响可能单独起作用,当它们综合起作用时,在任何给定条件下,是很难预测到全部结果的。
In this paper, the effects of plant growth regulators and herbicides on the nutrition of Ca and P in fruit are reviewed. The effects can be divided into direct and indirect effects. The direct effects of growth regulators (triiodobenzoic acid, B_9 and PP333) are achieved by reducing the uptake of auxin (IAA) to the base and thereby decreasing the turnover of Ca to the top. The result, mainly on apples, is a decrease in Ca content. Indirect effects relate to the following: (1) changes in the size of the fruit; (2) elimination of competition from shoots, fruits and nutrients; (3) increase of the amount of roots; (4) elimination of mycorrhizae. The first three indirect effects potentially increased the Ca content of the fruit, as can be seen from the treatment of B_9 and PP333. Herbicides can protect orchards from soilless weeds, but also greatly reduce the infection of mycorrhizal fungi on the roots, thus reducing the absorption of P and the content of P in the fruits. The direct and indirect effects of growth regulators may act alone, and when combined, it is difficult to predict the full result under any given conditions.