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目的探讨移栽与摘除首花对灯盏细辛种子生产的影响。方法采用移栽和摘除首花的正交试验设计,每3天采种1次,测定每批种子的产量、千粒质量和发芽率。采种后测定植株地上部分产量和药用成分量。结果移栽处理的种子成熟期延长了12 d,种子产量、千粒质量、发芽率比直播分别提高了2.33倍、26.2%和2.03倍,二者存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。与不摘除首花植株相比,摘除首花处理的种子的产量、千粒质量、发芽率分别提高了19.4%、8.4%和58.8%,同样存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。移栽与摘除首花具有交互作用,但无统计学意义的显著性。采种后,“直播×摘除首花”处理的植株地上部分有较高产量和药用成分。结论移栽和摘除首花能有效地提高灯盏细辛种子产量和质量。
Objective To investigate the effects of transplanting and removing first flower on the production of Erigeron breviscapus seeds. Methods The orthogonal experiment design of transplanting and removal of the first flower was adopted. Seedlings were picked once every 3 days, and the yield of each batch of seeds, the mass of one thousand grains and the germination rate were determined. After harvesting, the aboveground plant yield and medicinal composition were determined. Results The seed maturity of seedling transplanting was prolonged by 12 days. Seed yield, grain yield and germination rate were 2.33 times, 26.2% and 2.03 times higher than those of direct seeding respectively. There was significant difference (P <0.05). Compared with the non-first-flowering plants, the yield, thousand-grain weight and germination rate of first-flowered seed were also significantly increased by 19.4%, 8.4% and 58.8%, respectively (P <0.05). Transplanting and removal of the first flower have an interaction, but no significant significance. After the seed collection, the above-ground parts of the “direct-seeded × removal first flower” plants had higher yield and medicinal ingredients. Conclusion The transplanting and removal of first flower can effectively improve the yield and quality of Erigeron breviscapus seeds.