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Unit 8
1. Why don’t you get her a scarf? 为什么不送她一条围巾？
Why don’t you…?意为“你为什么不……?”，“干吗不……?”其后接动词原形，用来提出建议，相当于Why not…？eg:
Why don’t you go there with them?=Why not go there with them?
（你）为什么不和他们一起去呢？
Why don’t you go swimming?=Why not go swimming?（你）为什么不去游泳呢？
相关链接：提建议的其他表达方法：
①Shall I/we…?也可以表示征求对方意见或建议。eg:
What time shall we meet? 我们什么时候见面？
Shall I close the door for you? 要我给你关上门吗？
②Let’s…意为“咱们……，让我们……”。例如：
Let’s sing a pop song together! 咱们一起唱首流行歌曲吧！
2. How about a scarf? 一条围巾怎么样？
How about…?意为“……如何？”，“……怎么样？”，是用来征求意见或提出建议的常用句型，后接名词、代词或动名词形式，与What about…？同义。eg:
How/What about a cup of coffee? 来一杯咖啡怎么样？
I don’t like green. How/What about you? 我不喜欢绿色。你呢？
How/What about buying some flowers? 买一些花怎么样？
3. What’s the best gift Joe has ever received? 乔曾收到的最好的礼物是什么？
⑴此句含有一个定语从句，即Joe has ever received作定语，修饰前面的先行词gift，其中省略了关系代词that（或which）。
⑵receive此处作及物动词，意为“收到，接到”。eg:
I’ve just received a telegram. 我刚收到了一份电报。
Mary received a letter from her mother last week. 上周玛丽收到了她妈妈的一封信。
相关链接：receive， get与accept的区别
receive意为“收到”，强调客观上收到。get的基本含义是“得到，获得”，可能是被动接受，也可能是主动争取。accept意为“接受，领受”，强调主观上接受。eg:
Linda received many presents on her birthday. 琳达在她生日那天收到了很多礼物。
I got a pet dog from my friend. 我从我的朋友那儿得到一只宠物狗。
He didn’t accept the gift. 他不接受这份礼物。
4. Now she’s too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house. 现在她太大了，不能睡在房子里，因此我给她建了一个特别的猪圈。
⑴too…to…句型，意为“太……而不能……”，它在形式上是肯定的，但实际上表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not。too后接形容词或副词原级。eg:
He is too young to go to school. 他年龄太小了不能去上学。
The taxi runs too fast to stop. 出租车跑得太快而停不下来。
相关链接：含too…to的句子也可用“not+形容词/副词+enough to”句型来转换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。eg:
Jack is too young to do that work.=Jack isn’t old enough to do that work.
干那个工作杰克年龄还太小。
⑵made在此句中作及物动词，是make的过去式，意为“做，制造；建造”。make sb. sth.意为“给某人制作某物”，也可以用make sth. for sb.替换。eg:
He likes making model planes. 他喜欢做飞机模型。
You don’t have much money. Why don’t you make him a card?=Why don’t you make a card for him? 你没有太多的钱，为什么不给他制作一张贺卡呢？
相关链接：make作及物动词，还常表示“成为，变成”。eg:
He will make a very good athlete. 他将成为一名很出色的运动员。
5. It is enough to make her very happy. 这足以让她感到高兴。
此句为It’s+adj.+to do sth.结构，it作形式主语，指代to do sth.，即动词不定式作真正的主语。eg:
It is interesting to play soccer. 踢足球很有趣。
It is dangerous to drive after drinking. 酒后驾车很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me with math. 你帮助我学习数学真是太好了。
6. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. 在美国，一些人宁愿让家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善机构也不愿让他们给自己买礼物。
⑴此句含有两个常见结构，即ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”和give sth. to sb.“把某物送给某人”。eg:
He asked his friends to help him. 他请求他的朋友们帮助他。
My deskmate gave a new book to me. 我同桌送给我一本新书。
⑵rather作副词，意为“宁可，宁愿”，rather than意为“与其……倒不如……；宁愿……也不……”，常用来连接两个并列结构。eg:
I’d rather stay at home than go out. 我宁可待在家里也不想出去。
She is a career woman rather than a housewife. 她是一位职业女性而不是家庭主妇。
7. Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers. 其中的一些歌手能够把英文歌曲唱的和以英语为母语的人一样好。
as well as意为“像……一样好；和……做得同样好”，是as…as结构，中间用形容词或副词的原级，表示甲与乙在某一方面程度相同。sing是动词，所以用well，而不用good修饰。eg:
Tom is as strong as Jack. 汤姆和杰克一样健壮。
He draws as well as his cousin. 他和他表哥画得一样好。
相关链接：as well as还表示“不但……而且……”，其近义词组为not only…but also…。eg:
She is clever as well as pretty. 她不但漂亮而且聪明。
My uncle grows flowers as well as vegetables. 我叔叔既种菜也种花。
Unit 9
1. In fact, there are now several different Disneyland amusement parks around the world. 事实上，目前全世界有几处不同的迪斯尼乐园。
句中in fact表示“事实上，其实”，有时可与actually互换。eg:
In fact, he can answer the question. 事实上，他能回答这个问题。
Mollie in fact/actually was missing. 莫丽事实上失踪了。
2. I’ve been a flight attendant for two years now. 现在我已成为一名机组乘务员两年了。
⑴本句为现在完成时。“has/have been+职业名词”，表示“成为（当）一名……”。eg:
How long has Tom been a soldier? 汤姆当兵多长时间了？
⑵for与表示一段时间的词组连用，常用于现在完成时，表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态所持续的时间，此时句中的动词应为延续性动词。eg:
I’ve lived in the south of China for two years. 我在中国南部地区住了两年。
I’ve studied in the school for five years. 我在这所学校学习五年了。
相关链接：since与表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用，常用于现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。eg:
He has lived there since 2000. 自从2000年以来他就一直住在那儿。
3. It was because I could speak English that I got the job. 正是因为我会讲英语，我才得到了这份工作。
本句是个强调句，强调句的结构是“It+is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”。如果被强调部分是人可以用who或that；如果被强调部分不是指人则只能用that。强调句可以强调句子的主语、宾语和状语（时间状语、地点状语及原因状语等）。eg:
He read English in the garden yesterday. 他昨天在花园里读英语。
→It was he who/that read English in the garden yesterday. 是他昨天在花园里读英语。
→It was English that he read in the garden yesterday. 他昨天在花园里读的是英语。
→It was yesterday that he read English in the garden. 他是昨天在花园里读的英语。
→It was in the garden that he read English yesterday. 他昨天是在花园里读的英语。
相关链接：①在强调结构中，若强调时间、地点、原因状语时，要用that，而不用when, where或why，要注意不要和定语从句混淆。eg:
It was during the Second World War that he died. 他是在第二次世界大战中去世的。
②在强调结构中，若强调主语时，从句中动词的数要与被强调的主语保持一致。eg:
It is I who am wrong. 是我错了。
4. It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it’s dark. 当天黑时去动物园似乎有点奇怪。
本句是由when引导的时间状语从句；主句中seem为系动词，意为“好像，似乎”。常用句式：sb. seems (to be)+表语/It seems+(that)从句。eg:
He seems (to be) quite happy.=It seems that he is quite happy. 他似乎很快乐。
You seem (to be) wrong.=It seems that you are wrong. 你似乎错了。
5. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn, or winter! 因此你什么时候想去那儿都可以——春天、夏天、秋天或冬天！
whenever此处引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when，意为“无论何时”。eg:
Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.
无论何时我们遇到困难，他们总是帮助我们。
6. And, of course, it’s not too far from China! 当然了，它离中国不太远！
短语be far from表示“离……远”，相当于be far away from, away可以省略。eg:
The school is far (away) from my house. 学校离我家很远。
The family lived far (away) from downtown. 那家人住得离市中心很远。
1. Why don’t you get her a scarf? 为什么不送她一条围巾？
Why don’t you…?意为“你为什么不……?”，“干吗不……?”其后接动词原形，用来提出建议，相当于Why not…？eg:
Why don’t you go there with them?=Why not go there with them?
（你）为什么不和他们一起去呢？
Why don’t you go swimming?=Why not go swimming?（你）为什么不去游泳呢？
相关链接：提建议的其他表达方法：
①Shall I/we…?也可以表示征求对方意见或建议。eg:
What time shall we meet? 我们什么时候见面？
Shall I close the door for you? 要我给你关上门吗？
②Let’s…意为“咱们……，让我们……”。例如：
Let’s sing a pop song together! 咱们一起唱首流行歌曲吧！
2. How about a scarf? 一条围巾怎么样？
How about…?意为“……如何？”，“……怎么样？”，是用来征求意见或提出建议的常用句型，后接名词、代词或动名词形式，与What about…？同义。eg:
How/What about a cup of coffee? 来一杯咖啡怎么样？
I don’t like green. How/What about you? 我不喜欢绿色。你呢？
How/What about buying some flowers? 买一些花怎么样？
3. What’s the best gift Joe has ever received? 乔曾收到的最好的礼物是什么？
⑴此句含有一个定语从句，即Joe has ever received作定语，修饰前面的先行词gift，其中省略了关系代词that（或which）。
⑵receive此处作及物动词，意为“收到，接到”。eg:
I’ve just received a telegram. 我刚收到了一份电报。
Mary received a letter from her mother last week. 上周玛丽收到了她妈妈的一封信。
相关链接：receive， get与accept的区别
receive意为“收到”，强调客观上收到。get的基本含义是“得到，获得”，可能是被动接受，也可能是主动争取。accept意为“接受，领受”，强调主观上接受。eg:
Linda received many presents on her birthday. 琳达在她生日那天收到了很多礼物。
I got a pet dog from my friend. 我从我的朋友那儿得到一只宠物狗。
He didn’t accept the gift. 他不接受这份礼物。
4. Now she’s too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house. 现在她太大了，不能睡在房子里，因此我给她建了一个特别的猪圈。
⑴too…to…句型，意为“太……而不能……”，它在形式上是肯定的，但实际上表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not。too后接形容词或副词原级。eg:
He is too young to go to school. 他年龄太小了不能去上学。
The taxi runs too fast to stop. 出租车跑得太快而停不下来。
相关链接：含too…to的句子也可用“not+形容词/副词+enough to”句型来转换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。eg:
Jack is too young to do that work.=Jack isn’t old enough to do that work.
干那个工作杰克年龄还太小。
⑵made在此句中作及物动词，是make的过去式，意为“做，制造；建造”。make sb. sth.意为“给某人制作某物”，也可以用make sth. for sb.替换。eg:
He likes making model planes. 他喜欢做飞机模型。
You don’t have much money. Why don’t you make him a card?=Why don’t you make a card for him? 你没有太多的钱，为什么不给他制作一张贺卡呢？
相关链接：make作及物动词，还常表示“成为，变成”。eg:
He will make a very good athlete. 他将成为一名很出色的运动员。
5. It is enough to make her very happy. 这足以让她感到高兴。
此句为It’s+adj.+to do sth.结构，it作形式主语，指代to do sth.，即动词不定式作真正的主语。eg:
It is interesting to play soccer. 踢足球很有趣。
It is dangerous to drive after drinking. 酒后驾车很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me with math. 你帮助我学习数学真是太好了。
6. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. 在美国，一些人宁愿让家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善机构也不愿让他们给自己买礼物。
⑴此句含有两个常见结构，即ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”和give sth. to sb.“把某物送给某人”。eg:
He asked his friends to help him. 他请求他的朋友们帮助他。
My deskmate gave a new book to me. 我同桌送给我一本新书。
⑵rather作副词，意为“宁可，宁愿”，rather than意为“与其……倒不如……；宁愿……也不……”，常用来连接两个并列结构。eg:
I’d rather stay at home than go out. 我宁可待在家里也不想出去。
She is a career woman rather than a housewife. 她是一位职业女性而不是家庭主妇。
7. Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers. 其中的一些歌手能够把英文歌曲唱的和以英语为母语的人一样好。
as well as意为“像……一样好；和……做得同样好”，是as…as结构，中间用形容词或副词的原级，表示甲与乙在某一方面程度相同。sing是动词，所以用well，而不用good修饰。eg:
Tom is as strong as Jack. 汤姆和杰克一样健壮。
He draws as well as his cousin. 他和他表哥画得一样好。
相关链接：as well as还表示“不但……而且……”，其近义词组为not only…but also…。eg:
She is clever as well as pretty. 她不但漂亮而且聪明。
My uncle grows flowers as well as vegetables. 我叔叔既种菜也种花。
Unit 9
1. In fact, there are now several different Disneyland amusement parks around the world. 事实上，目前全世界有几处不同的迪斯尼乐园。
句中in fact表示“事实上，其实”，有时可与actually互换。eg:
In fact, he can answer the question. 事实上，他能回答这个问题。
Mollie in fact/actually was missing. 莫丽事实上失踪了。
2. I’ve been a flight attendant for two years now. 现在我已成为一名机组乘务员两年了。
⑴本句为现在完成时。“has/have been+职业名词”，表示“成为（当）一名……”。eg:
How long has Tom been a soldier? 汤姆当兵多长时间了？
⑵for与表示一段时间的词组连用，常用于现在完成时，表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态所持续的时间，此时句中的动词应为延续性动词。eg:
I’ve lived in the south of China for two years. 我在中国南部地区住了两年。
I’ve studied in the school for five years. 我在这所学校学习五年了。
相关链接：since与表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用，常用于现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。eg:
He has lived there since 2000. 自从2000年以来他就一直住在那儿。
3. It was because I could speak English that I got the job. 正是因为我会讲英语，我才得到了这份工作。
本句是个强调句，强调句的结构是“It+is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”。如果被强调部分是人可以用who或that；如果被强调部分不是指人则只能用that。强调句可以强调句子的主语、宾语和状语（时间状语、地点状语及原因状语等）。eg:
He read English in the garden yesterday. 他昨天在花园里读英语。
→It was he who/that read English in the garden yesterday. 是他昨天在花园里读英语。
→It was English that he read in the garden yesterday. 他昨天在花园里读的是英语。
→It was yesterday that he read English in the garden. 他是昨天在花园里读的英语。
→It was in the garden that he read English yesterday. 他昨天是在花园里读的英语。
相关链接：①在强调结构中，若强调时间、地点、原因状语时，要用that，而不用when, where或why，要注意不要和定语从句混淆。eg:
It was during the Second World War that he died. 他是在第二次世界大战中去世的。
②在强调结构中，若强调主语时，从句中动词的数要与被强调的主语保持一致。eg:
It is I who am wrong. 是我错了。
4. It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it’s dark. 当天黑时去动物园似乎有点奇怪。
本句是由when引导的时间状语从句；主句中seem为系动词，意为“好像，似乎”。常用句式：sb. seems (to be)+表语/It seems+(that)从句。eg:
He seems (to be) quite happy.=It seems that he is quite happy. 他似乎很快乐。
You seem (to be) wrong.=It seems that you are wrong. 你似乎错了。
5. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn, or winter! 因此你什么时候想去那儿都可以——春天、夏天、秋天或冬天！
whenever此处引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when，意为“无论何时”。eg:
Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.
无论何时我们遇到困难，他们总是帮助我们。
6. And, of course, it’s not too far from China! 当然了，它离中国不太远！
短语be far from表示“离……远”，相当于be far away from, away可以省略。eg:
The school is far (away) from my house. 学校离我家很远。
The family lived far (away) from downtown. 那家人住得离市中心很远。