致使动词“让”构成的致使句——以“命令的间接化”为中心

• 作 者: 荒川清秀 徐敏光
• 机 构: 爱知大学,福建师范大学,
• 出 处: 汉日语言对比研究论丛
• 发表日期: 2016年01期
• 关键词: 间接化 汉语的致使 间接叙述 否定的范围 荒川 类型论 叙述句 李想 戴浩一 说话人

从类型论角度来说,致使句多意味着V2的同时实现。但是,汉语中由“让”构成的致使句完全没有这层含义。笔者曾于荒川(1976)将这种现象称为“命令句的间接化”。在主语为第三人称的句子中容易出现命令的间接化现象,其原因是什么?此外,第一人称通常表示说话者的意志,但有时也能出现命令的间接化现象。本文将解释这些现象产生的原因,并阐明致使句中“没”的否定范围达不到V1。

From a typological point of view, making sentences mean more V2 at the same time. However, the imperative sentence formed by “let ” in Chinese has no such meaning at all. I once Arakawa (1976) called this phenomenon “Indirect Indirect”. What is the reason for the indirectness of the order that tends to occur in the sentence whose subject is the third person? In addition, the first person usually indicates the speaker’s will, but sometimes the indirectness of the order can also occur. This article will explain the causes of these phenomena and explain that the negation of “None” in a sentence is less than V1.