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研究维吾尔人利用植物的传统知识和经验,在社会经济发展和资源保护等方面具有潜在的应用价值。胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)和灰叶胡杨(P.pruinosa Schrenk)是新疆沙漠生态系统的主要植物类群,研究采用关键人物访谈法,对胡杨和灰叶胡杨在新疆尉犁县维吾尔族民间的植物文化进行了研究。结果表明:胡杨和灰叶胡杨的胡杨碱白色结晶体在治疗胃胀、咽喉肿痛、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡及消化不良等方面有作用;胡杨碱黑色结晶体用于治疗腰疼、腿疼,有消肿及止痛等疗效;胡杨碱加工后作洗发膏和洗衣粉使用;胡杨水不仅治疗神经衰弱,有延缓衰老、降低高血压及高血脂的功效,还能降低心脏病发病率;胡杨和灰叶胡杨枝叶具有治疗家畜胃胀和肌胃腐烂病的作用。当地罗布人利用胡杨树来建设沙漠生态园及控制土壤沙漠化。研究初步揭示了两种胡杨植物与维吾尔人的植物文化体系,维吾尔族植物传统知识的研究,将对我国民族植物学的发展及多样性产生影响。
Studying the traditional knowledge and experience of Uyghur people using plants has potential application value in socio-economic development and resource conservation. Populus euphratica Oliv. And P. pruinosa Schrenk are the major plant groups in desert ecosystems in Xinjiang. Based on the interview with key figures, Populus euphratica Oliv. And Populus euphratica in the folk culture of Uighur in Yuli County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Were studied. The results showed that the Populus euphratica and Populus euphratica white crystals of populus in the treatment of bloating, sore throat, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and dyspepsia and other aspects of the role; poplar black crystals for the treatment of back pain, leg pain, There is swelling and painkillers and other effects; for the treatment of poplar and shampoo after the use of detergent; Populus water not only the treatment of neurasthenia, anti-aging, reduce high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia, but also reduce the incidence of heart disease; Populus euphratica And gray leaf poplar foliage has the treatment of domestic animal bloating and muscle rot role. Local Rob take advantage of Populus euphratica to build desert ecological park and control of soil desertification. The research initially revealed the plant culture system of two Populus euphratica plants and Uyghurs, and the study of Uyghur plant traditional knowledge, which will have an impact on the development and diversity of ethnobotany in China.