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言语适应理论主要用于解释言语风格变化中的言语趋同、言语趋异和言语保持等焦急策略的心理动机和情感因素。它突出强调受话人对说话人的言语行为的作用和影响。目的是要解释各种社交场合中人们言语变化的动机及这些变化所带来的社会后果。在《红楼梦》书中,人物在交际过程中出于各种原因广泛使用言语趋同、言语趋异、和言语维持等交际策略,而这些也充分反映了言语行为理论的特性即目的选择性、动态性以及非对称性。
Speech adaptation theory is mainly used to explain the psychological motivation and emotional factors of anxious strategies such as verbal convergence, speech divergence and speech retention in the variation of speech style. It highlights the role and influence of the speaker on the speaker’s speech act. The purpose is to explain the motivation of people’s speech in a variety of social situations and the social consequences of these changes. In the book “A Dream of Red Mansions”, characters widely use communicative strategies such as convergence of words, divergence of words, and maintenance of speech in the process of communication, and these fully reflect the characteristics of speech act theory, that is, selectiveness of purpose, Sexual and asymmetrical.