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来氟米特为异噁唑类药物,具有免疫抑制作用,主要用于治疗类风湿关节炎。来氟米特的常见不良反应为胃肠道不适、肝酶升高、高血压、头痛及脱发。近年研究显示,来氟米特能引起周围神经病变。来氟米特引起周围神经病变症状出现的时间约为治疗6个月后。临床表现为肢体对称性麻木、麻刺感、烧灼感,疼痛,肢体末梢发冷及四肢无力。来氟米特致周围神经病变的机制可能和药物的直接神经毒性有关。引起周围神经病变的危险因素有高龄、糖尿病及合并用药。一旦来氟米特引起周围神经病变症状,应在30 d内停药。
Leflunomide is isoxazole drugs, with immunosuppressive effects, mainly for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Common adverse reactions to leflunomide are gastrointestinal upset, elevated liver enzymes, high blood pressure, headaches and hair loss. Recent studies show that leflunomide can cause peripheral neuropathy. Leflunomide caused peripheral neuropathy symptoms appear about 6 months after treatment. Clinical manifestations of limb symmetry numbness, tingling, burning sensation, pain, cold extremities and limb weakness. The mechanism of leflunomide-induced peripheral neuropathy may be related to the direct neurotoxicity of the drug. Risk factors for peripheral neuropathy are elderly, diabetes and medication. Once leflunomide causes symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, withdrawal should be discontinued within 30 days.