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从理论上分析了分别插在局部腐蚀电池阳极液和本底溶液中的两个饱和甘汞电极之间,以及局部腐蚀电池阴、阳极之间的电位差及其组份的性质,导出了一组定量关系式。采用铁与10~(-8)NNaCl溶液构成的模拟电池,实验证明了这些定量关系。结果表明,前一种电位差主要是由阳极液和本底溶液之间的扩散电位差和欧姆电位降两部份组成。在两种溶液之间一旦建立起稳定的扩散区以后,其间的扩散电位差就趋于一个定值;而欧姆电位降则主要随阴极电位的变化而变化。其最终的稳定值将不因同一局部腐蚀电池的内电阻而异,接近于模拟电池在阴、阳极处于断路状态时其间电位差的绝对值。而后一种电位差,还包含有第三个组份,即它们电极电位的差值。
In theory, we analyzed the potential difference between cathode and anode and the properties of the components between two saturated calomel electrodes inserted in the anode solution and the background solution of the localized corrosion cell respectively, and derived a Group quantitative relationship. Using a simulated battery composed of iron and 10 ~ (-8) NNaCl solution, these quantitative experiments were proved. The results show that the former potential difference is mainly composed of the anodic solution and the background solution between the diffusion potential difference and the ohmic potential drop of two parts. Once a stable diffusion zone has been established between the two solutions, the diffusion potential difference tends to be a constant value; and the ohmic potential drop mainly changes with the cathode potential. The final stability will not be due to the same local corrosion of the internal resistance of the battery varies, close to analog battery in the cathode and anode in the open circuit when the state of the absolute value of the potential difference. Then a potential difference, but also contains a third component, that is, the difference between their electrode potential.