论文部分内容阅读
[目的]分析5岁以下儿童死亡原因及死亡率变化趋势,为制定我市儿童生存、保护战略提供依据。[方法]对2002年1月1日～2007年12月31日石嘴山市两区一县各级妇幼机构上报的545例0～4岁儿童死亡报告卡,按年龄别、死亡率、主要死因进行统计对照分析。[结果]全市5岁以下儿童死亡的主要时期是新生儿期,尤其是早期新生儿期,早期新生儿死亡占新生儿死亡的82.48%,占5岁以下儿童死亡47.52%;1～4岁儿童死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的22.57%;28d～11月婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的19.82%。故本市各年龄时期儿童死亡位次依次是新生儿期、1～4岁儿童期、28d～11个月婴儿期,且2002～2007年具有相同的规律。[结论]5岁以下儿童死因与1岁以下死因前5位病种相同,且各种畸形均占到第1位,其中先心病占首位,其次为神经管畸形,防止各种畸形是降低5岁以下的儿童的死亡率的关键。
[Objective] To analyze the causes of death and mortality in children under 5 years of age and provide the basis for formulating the strategy of survival and protection of children in our city. [Method] The death report cards of 545 children aged 0 ~ 4 years reported by women’s and children’s institutions at two levels and one county in Shizuishan from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2007 were disaggregated by age, mortality and major causes of death Statistical analysis. [Results] The main period of death of children under 5 in the city was neonatal period, especially in early neonatal period. Early neonatal death accounted for 82.48% of neonatal deaths and 47.52% of children under 5 years of age. Children aged 1-4 years Deaths accounted for 22.57% of the deaths of children under 5 years of age; from 28 days to 11 months, infant deaths accounted for 19.82% of deaths of children under 5 years of age. Therefore, the deaths of children in all age groups in this Municipality were neonatal, 1 to 4 years of age, and 28 to 11 months of infancy, with the same pattern from 2002 to 2007. [Conclusion] The cause of death of children under 5 years of age is the same as that of the top 5 causes of death below 1 year old, and all kinds of malformations occupy the first place. Among them, CHD occupies the first place, followed by neural tube defects, preventing all kinds of malformations from decreasing by 5 The key to the death rate of children under the age of.