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目的:分析胸片普查对于肺结核阳性检出率的意义。方法:2010年1月~2016年12月,放射科以及院外移动式车载X线机,开展胸片检查18674例次。选择2016年2月~2017年4月,医院怀疑为肺结核的患者214例,作为研究对象,进行胸片复查,详细的结核病诊断。结果:胸片筛查怀疑肺结核率1.04%,肺结核检出率0.52%。胸片敏感性高于PPD皮试、特异度低于PPD皮试,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),胸片敏感性与痰涂片差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胸片普查对肺结核的敏感性高于皮试,考虑到胸片检查的便利性,可作为普查方法。
Objective: To analyze the significance of chest X-ray screening for the positive detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2016, 18674 chest radiographs were performed on radiography and mobile X-ray machines outside the hospital. From February 2016 to April 2017, 214 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis in the hospital were selected as study subjects for chest X-ray examination and detailed diagnosis of tuberculosis. Results: X-ray screening suspected pulmonary tuberculosis rate of 1.04%, tuberculosis detection rate of 0.52%. The sensitivity of chest radiograph was higher than that of PPD skin test, and the specificity was lower than that of PPD skin test. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between chest radiograph and sputum smear (P <0.05). Conclusion: The sensitivity of chest X-ray examination to tuberculosis is higher than that of skin test. Considering the convenience of chest radiography, it can be used as a census method.