小麦不同类型品种群体根系活性与成穗数的关系

• 作 者: 王法宏 王旭清 任德昌 于振文 余松烈 范萍
• 机 构: 山东省农业科学院作物研究所!济南,250100,山东省农业科学院作物研究所!济南,250100,山东省农业科学院作物研究所!济南,250100,山东农业大学农学系,山东农业大学农学系,潍北农场
• 出 处: 山东农业科学
• 发表日期: 1999年02期
• 关键词: 成穗数 类型品种 多穗型品种 大穗型品种 品种类型 分蘖成穗率 茎鞘 高产栽培 田间试验 单位面积穗数

用网袋栽培和田间试验相结合的方法，比较研究了小麦不同分率成穗类型品种群体根系活性与成穗数的关系及不同类型品种干物质的分配规律。结果表明，尽管分蘖成穗率低的大穗型品种（鲁麦22号、鲁麦23号）群体根系活性较强，分蘖成穗率高的多穗型品种（鲁麦14号、济南17号）群体根系活性较弱，但每形成一个穗子，大穗型品种需要较多的根系活性来支持，而多穗型品种则需要较小的根系活性来支持。对不同类型品种干物质分配规律的研究表明，大穗型品种分配到茎鞘中的干物质比例较大，而多穗型品种分配到穗部的干物质较多。文中讨论了多穗型品种提高成穗率的关键措施及高产栽培条件下小麦品种类型的选择问题。

The relationship between the root activity and the number of spikelets per plant and the distribution pattern of dry matter in different types of cultivars with different spikelet types were compared using net bag cultivation and field experiments. The results showed that although the panicle activity of large-spike cultivars with low tillering rate (Lumai 22 and Lumai 23) was stronger, the panicle type with more tillers and panicles (Lumai 14 and Jinan 17 ) Groups had weak root activity, but each spikelet was formed. Large-spike cultivars needed more root activity to support, while multi-spike cultivars needed less root activity to support. Studies on the distribution of dry matter in different types of cultivars showed that the proportion of dry matter in large-spike cultivars was larger than that in stems and sheaths, but the dry matter distributed in panicles was more in multi-spike cultivars. In this paper, the key measures to increase panicle yield of multi-spike cultivars and the selection of wheat cultivars under high-yielding cultivation are discussed.