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Leptin蛋白为肥胖基因(ob)的编码产物,人类Leptin含167个氨基酸,分子量为16×103 Mr,由脂肪、胎盘等组织产生。Leptin受体分布于下丘脑、胰腺、脂肪、子宫、胎盘等器官和组织。Leptin通过内分泌、旁分泌及自分泌方式作用于其受体,在多种生理过程中发挥重要作用。近来发现,Leptin与妊娠维持密切相关。临床资料显示,妊娠期间母体Leptin明显升高,自然流产以及分娩后母体Leptin下降显著,妊娠期母体血清Leptin迅速下降有可能是妊娠终止的信号。关于Leptin与妊娠相关性的研究提示,Leptin可提高小鼠胚胎着床率,促进滋养细胞侵袭,调控胎盘转运及内分泌功能,并参与母胎免疫耐受。
Leptin protein is the encoded product of ob gene. Human Leptin contains 167 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 16 × 103 Mr, which is produced by tissues such as fat and placenta. Leptin receptors are distributed in the hypothalamus, pancreas, fat, uterus, placenta and other organs and tissues. Leptin acts on its receptors through endocrine, paracrine and autocrine processes and plays an important role in a variety of physiological processes. Recently found that Leptin and pregnancy are closely related. Clinical data show that maternal Leptin was significantly increased during pregnancy, spontaneous abortion and maternal Leptin decreased significantly after pregnancy, maternal serum Leptin rapid decline may be the termination of pregnancy signal. Leptin and pregnancy-related research suggests that Leptin can improve mouse embryo implantation rate, promote trophoblast invasion, regulation of placental transport and endocrine function, and participate in maternal fetal immune tolerance.